CJS 101 1st Edition Lecture 11Outline of Last Lecture l. Push towards community policingA. Community policing era/presentII. Homeland security eraIII. Militarization of PoliceIV. The routinization of SWATLaw enforcement agenciesOutline of Current Lecture V.Educating the policeVI. Changing Profile of policeVII. Women in PoliceVIII. Types of stressIX. Central role of PatrolX. Crime preventionCurrent LectureEducating the policeAdvantages:-inculates responsibility-helps communication-helps coping with stress-helps handle difficult situationsSome argue: educated police are not superior from the clients point of view, fewer citizen complaints but more internal complaintsChanging profile of police-police officers have traditionally been white malesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-becoming more diverse-actively recruit women and minorities-police gain legitimacy when they employ officers from all demographicsRecruiting minority officers; positively affects police-community relations, favorable attitudesWomen in police work- 10% of sworn officers- Limitations: social barriers, administrative barriersTraining: legal rules, weapons, social relations-most states use POST (post officers standards training)-field training: after the academy, rookies teamed um with more seasoned officers, socializationworking personality: a set of emotional and behavioral characteristics developed but members of an occupational group in response to work situation and environmental influencesMoral Dilemmas faced by police officers: contradictions between goals of preventing crime and the inability to do so, use of discretion to handle situations that don’t follow procedures, use force that can maim or kill, ethical dilemmasExternal stress-real threats and dangersOrganizational stress- nature of work in a paramilitary organizationPersonal stress- social isolation, sense of danger, racial/gender status among peersOperational stress- dealing with criminalsEffects of stress: alcoholism, divorce, violence, depression/suicideCentral role of patrol- majority of police officers assigned to patrol- gatekeepers of the CJ system and therefore most important decision makers- experience on patrol formative part of police officer’s career- least desirable positionFunctions of Patrol: crime prevention (deterrence), maintain feelings of public safety, service to the communityTypes of Patrol: foot, auto, motorcycle, bicyclePreventative patrol: crime prevention programs, preventive patrolCrime prevention techniques: includes access control, including barrier to entryways and exits; surveillance, theft deterrence, security lighting Kansas City Preventative Patrol experiment: increased patrol in high crimes, eliminated preventative patrol in some areas, had no impact on crime, citizens did not notice the difference, did not impact attitudes towards policeNetwark foot patrol experiment: some areas given more foot patrol, crime had no impact, citizens fear of crime disappearedIncident response-responding to calls for service-routine incident responses-emergency responseDirected Patrol: concentrating the police presence in areas where certain crimes are a significant problemHot spots: where all the crimes occurHot times: certain times of day where crime is more likely to occursOrder maintenance: police prevention in incidents that do not involve actual criminal activity but often entail “interpersonal conflict” or “public