CJS 101 1st Edition Lecture 20Outline of Last Lecture Purposes of punishmentA. RetributionB. DeterrenceC. RehabD. IncapacitationOutline of Current Lecture l. Correctionsll. JailsA. HistoryLll. PrisonsA. minimum B. medium C. MaximumD. Super-maxCurrent LectureCorrectionsCorrections refers to the great number of programs, services, facilities, and organizations responsible for the management of people accused or convicted of criminal offencesJail function: pretrial detention, incarceration of those sentenced to misdemeanors, 6/10 people waiting trialThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Jail management: operated by county in 44 stares, 91/102 counties in Illinois have jails, the others share regional facilities or contract out with nearby counties. 20% of U.S jails are city managed, 7 federal detention centers. Regional jails serve more than 1 countyGenerations of jails: First generation (linear), second generation (indirect supervision), third generation (pods/direct supervision)History of prisons: punishment for crimes prior to the 1600’s (physical punishment, banishment,death)1600’s- shift from corporal punishment to the use of incarcerationPenitentiary: an institution intended to punish criminal by isolating them from society and from one another so they can reflect their past deeds, created in New York and PennsilvaniaReform in the U.S; emphasis shifted from the assumption that deviance was part of human nature to a belief that crime resulted from environmental forcesPenitentiary would not simply punish but move the criminal toward spiritual reflection and changeSeparate but silent-didn’t work!The auburn system (new york): congregate system Congregate system: individual cells, striped suits, work and eat together, complete silence, rule-breaking me with whippings/beatingMinimum security prison: permit inmates and visitors as much freedom as is consistent with theconcept of incarceration (emphasis on education and work-related training programs, dormitorystyle housing), no armed guards or walls, houses least violent offenders, often farms or ranches,holds 16% of state inmatesMedium security prison: operated to prevent escape, restrictions on inmates and visitors are less rigid than in minimum- security prisons, guard towers and walls, more freedom, more privledges, perimeter fencingMaximum-security prison: imposes strict limitations on movement, freedom and visitors, dress codes, cells, blocks, wings, everything based on security, 1/4th of all inmatesSuper-max security prison: created to house the “worst of the worst” violent assaultive, prison gang members, who require close and consistent supervision, house 100, 000 men, created by federal govt, 38