Lecture 12 Outline of Last Lecture I. Congress (Senate and House of Representatives)Outline of Current Lecture II. Requirements to be PresidentIII. Past PresidentsIV. Presidential Powers by the Constitution and powers not specifiedV. Presidential Persuasion VI. What the President doesVII. Executive Branch Current Lecturel. Requirements to be President:a. must be at least 35 years oldb. Born on U.S. territoryc. Must be a U.S. resident from the past 14 yearsll. Past Presidents POLS 206 1st Editiona. They have come from a variety of backgrounds, including Jimmy Carter was a peanut farmer, Lyndon Johnson was a teacher, though most have been lawyers. b. They have also have been a variety of ages, from John F. Kennedy who was 43 to Ronald Reagan who was 69. They have all been males and all have been white but one. lll. Presidential Powers by the Constitution and powers not specifieda. Article 2 Section 1 recognizes the President as head of the Executive branch. b. Article 2 Section 2 and 3 name the President’s duties in a broad sense, nothing real specific, allowing for flexibility with the times. However there is a sort of built-in checks and balances in order to keep the President’s power in check. lV. Presidential Persuasiona. The President has A LOT of power, a major one being persuasion which is huge tool in solving problems and situations.b. Going Public- the President uses press conferences, appearances, and TV to increase support from Congress, foreign leaders, and the American people (this also increases trust in international diplomacy) V. What the President does...a. Chief Executive- enforce laws, decisions of Supreme Court, and treaties, also designate Executive officers and Judges, give reprieves, pardons and amnesty, deal with emergencies, and give Executive ordersb. Commander-in-Chief- head of the army, end wars, handle international diplomacy, and can issue troops for up to 90 days without Congress’s permission (However, by the Constitution, Congress declares war, so this can lead to disagreements. Congress made the 1973 War Powers Resolution, which allows for President to issue the troops) c. Chief of State- serves as head figure for the country, going to ceremonies and giving dedications, small things that really help keep the “American Spirit” alived. Chief Diplomat- order US Foreign Policy and represent the US in foreign diplomacye. Chief Legislator- though not part of the Constitution (informal), the President does have Big influence, must give annual State of the Union Address and Economic Reportof the President, and allow press time for “informal statements”, Presidential Veto for bills (though Line Item Veto (1996) was unconstitutional)f. Party Chief- decides on Chairperson of the Party’s National Committee (Big influence there as well)Vl. Executivea. The Cabinet-not in Constitution, but President has group of advisors (Secretaries for subjects such as State, Agriculture, Defense,...) but the President does have to be careful on trusting their adviceb. Executive Office of the President- made by FDR to help make easier for the control (such as White House Office (staff), Council of Economic Advisors, OMB, NSC (National Security Council)c. Vice President (not too big a help , but can be highly influential, usually not in President’s “inner circle”, and first in line if something were to happen to the President)d. If something were to happen to the President, the Vice President would be second, then Speaker of the House, the President pro tem of the
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