Exam III Test ReviewChapter 101. A study by Rosenberg and McCafferty concluded that it is possible to manipulate a candidate’s appearance in a way that affects voters’ choices.2. All other things being equal, who of the following individuals is most likely to vote? A married union worker3. As the right to vote has been extended proportionately fewer of those eligible have chosen to vote.4. Elections serve the purpose of- Socializing and institutionalizing political activity- Providing regular access to political power- Providing a legitimate means to replace leaders5. If a presidential candidate does not receive a majority of Electoral College votes, then the president is chosen by the House with one vote for each state.6. In the 1950s, the single best predictor of a voter’s decision of how to vote was party identification7. In the election of 1800 the candidate with the second highest number of electoral votes became vice president8. In the election of 1896 the Republicans supported the gold standard.9. Many voters have come to feel that they no longer need the parties to guide their choices because modern technology makes it possible for them to evaluate their own decisions about the candidates.10. Parties and candidates are skilled in the art of ambiguity.11. Policy voting has increased in recent years primarily because candidates are regularly forced to take some clear stands in order to appeal to their own party’s primary voters.12. Retrospective voting refers to voting for an incumbent because the perception that his or her policies have made you better off.13. Studies have shown that the most important dimension of candidate image is competence.14. The 2000 election was the first presidential election in which the courts played a pivotal role.15. The belief that ordinary people can influence the government is known as political efficacy.16. The Electoral College system can introduce bias in the electoral process that favors big states.17. The voter registration system is an important factor in a low voter turnout.18. Voters in some states can put a proposed law on the ballot with an initiative petition.19. Which of the following conditions is NOT central to policy voting? A voter’s party identification (NOT true)20. Which of the following is NOT central to the decision of whether or not to vote? The knowledge that most elections are extremely close. (NOT true)21. Which of the following is NOT central to the decision of how to vote? Simplified registration procedures. (NOT true)Chapter 111. Amicus curiae briefs consist of written arguments submitted to the courts in support of one side of a case.2. According to Mancur Olson, small interest groups generally are more effective.3. According got the group theory of politics, groups provide a key linkage between people and government.4. According to the text, the least effective activity of lobbyists in Congress is converting members of Congress to the lobbyists’ positions.5. Agribusiness refers to large-scale farming that has replaced many traditional family farms.6. All people who might be group members because they share some common interest make up a potential group.7. Elite theorists would argue that the type of interest group with the most power would consist of business leaders.8. In 1973, Congress responded to consumer advocacy by creating the Consumer Product Safety Commission.9. In going public, interest groups use advertising and public relations to enhancetheir image.10. Interest groups in America specialize in a policy area.11. James Madison’s solution to the problems posed by interest groups was to create a wide-open system.12. Lobbying is aimed at influencing decision-making.13. One of the major indictments of the American interest-group system is that it is biased toward the wealthy.14. Political Action Committee (PAC) money goes overwhelmingly to incumbents.15. The conflict between environmental groups and every producer illustrates the group politics intensifies when two public interests clash.16. The free-rider problem refers to the difficulty of large groups in activating all their potential members.17. The hyperpluralist complaint that interest group politics creates sub governments refers to the cooperative efforts of group leaders, government agencies, and members of congressional committees and subcommittees to promote special interests18. The theory that argues that interest group lobbying is a problem because it benefits the few at the expense of the many is the elite theory.19. The theory that holds that contending interest groups are so strong that government is weakened is hyperpluralism.20. The union shop requires new employees to join the union representing them.Chapter 121. According to Edmund Burke’s classification, members of Congress would be considered politicos.2. As example of casework by a member of Congress is helping a constituent get a small business loan.3. Congressional reforms in 1995 allowed committee chairs to choose the chairs of subcommittees.4. Critics argue that one of the effects of the continual reelection of incumbents in Congress insulation of members from political change.5. In the relationship between lobbyists and members of Congress, members of Congress can ignore and embarrass lobbyists.6. Most of the business of Congress takes place in committees and subcommittees.7. Of all the senators’ and representatives’ roles, the toughest is policymaking.8. Party loyalty at the voting booth is still a good predictor of voting behavior.9. Probably the foremost attraction to the job of being a member of Congress is power.10. Successful presidential leadership of Congress requires the president to act as a facilitator, working at the margins of coalition building.11. The House Rules Committee reviews most bills coming from committee beforethey go to the full House.12. The most important goal of advertising for members of Congress is to achieve visibility.13. The parties in Congress are most cohesive when electing its official leaders.14. The person responsible for scheduling floor action in the Senate is the Senate majority leader.15. The president’s most common method of attempting to influence Congress is to hold regular meetings with the party’s leaders in Congress.16. Traditionally, congressional committee chairpersons have been chosen through the seniority system.17. When members of Congress hold a hearing to question a cabinet member on
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