ASTR 1345 1st Edition Lecture 9 Outline of Last Lecture I. MassA. InertiaII. WeightA. GravityB. AccelerationIII. Groundwork of Modern ScienceIV. Newton’s LawsA. Newton’s 1st LawB. Newton’s 2nd LawC. Newton’s 3rd LawD. Newton’s Law of Universal GravitationOutline of Current Lecture I. CosmologyA. Geocentric CosmologyB. Heliocentric CosmologyII. OrbitsA.Definition of a PeriodB.Definition of FrequencyC. Definition of PerihelionD.Definition of AphelionIII. Kepler’s LawsA. Kepler’s First lawB. Kepler’s Second LawC. Kepler’s Third LawIV. Definition of Conic SectionCurrent Lecturel.Cosmology is the study of formation, organization, and the evolution of the universe.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.A. Geocentric cosmology was when people believed Earth was the center of the universe and that everything revolved around it. This was the belief until the 16th century when Copernicus told us otherwise.B. Heliocentric cosmology is the theory of formation and evolution of our solar system with the Sun at the center.ll.Objects can orbit in ellipses, parabolas, or hyperbolas. All objects start out orbiting with an elliptical pattern, but some comets receive enough energy to develop parabolic or hyperbolic orbits. The eccentricity (e) varies from 0 for a circle to 1 for a straight line.A. A period is the time it takes an object to make 1 revolution.B. Frequency is how many times this object rotates in 1 second. The unit used for this measurement is Hertz.C. Perihelion is the point in its orbit where a planet is nearest the Sun and when the planet moves most rapidly.D. Aphelion is the point in its orbit where a planet is farthest away from the Sun and when it moves the slowest.lll.A. Kepler’s First Law- the orbit of a planet around the Sun is an ellipse with the Sun at one focus.B. Kepler’s Second Law- (Law of Equal Areas)- a line joining a planet and the Sun sweepsout equal areas in equal intervals of time.C. Kepler’s Third Law- the square of a planet’s sidereal period around the Sun is directlyproportional to the cube of the length of its orbit’s semimajor axis. P^2=a^3 lV.A conic section is a curve obtained by slicing a cone with a
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