Developmental Test 2 First sound baby makes is crying Then cooing Then babbling 03 17 2015 5 month infants can recognize their own name first world ages 10 and 15 months like momma daddy car bottle dog or cat 13 month old babies can understand about 50 words Receptive vocabulary Words you understand Expressive vocabulary Words you say Chart on page 102 on language milestone in infants Telegraphic speech Putting two words together Ex Me night night More cookie Broca s area Left frontal hemisphere producing language Weincerars area Left temporal hemisphere understanding language Aphaisa Not being able to produce speech properly Language acquisition device LAD humans are wired to learn language at the certain time and in a certain way Noah Chomsky Ch 4 Affect How you read emotions on other people s faces Flat affect Is not doing anything total deadpan Primitive emotions 6 of them earliest emotions that infants show in first 6 months of their life Surprise Interest Joy Anger Sadness Fear Disgust Self conscious Have to have a sense of self in order to have these kind of emotions Embrassment Shame Guilt Stranger Anxiety appears around 6 months of age 9 months it is more intense and continues until they are a year old Separation protest Infant crying when there caregiver is gone Peaks around 15 month Reflexive smile Just smiling not as a reaction to any kind of stimulus Social smile Infant smiling because of some kind of external stimulus Social referencing babies read other peoples emotions Starts by the end of the 1st year Emotional regulation Can t spoil a baby in the first year of it s life It is ok to sooth a baby Temperament Individuals behavioral style and way of responding emotionally Chess and Thomas study Temperaments of infants Generally in a positive mood adapt easily to new o Easy 40 situations o Difficult 10 Basically the opposite of the easy child Showed more problems when they experienced low quality childcare o Slow to warm up 15 Low activity level Low intensity of mood laid back o 35 that did not clearly fit into the catergories Kagan o Inhibition to the unfamiliar Rotherbar and Bates o Effortful control aka self regulation 03 17 2015 Erik Erikson know names task and age ranges Trust vs mistrust Birth to one year If an infant doesn t learn to trust someone in the first year than it will be very difficult for it to ever trust anyone Comes up at each stage of development Autonomy vs shame and doubt 1 to 3 years Want to do things for themselves When you are impatient and when you do what the baby can do it creates shame and doubt in the baby Causes a lot more shame and doubt when you critic babies for making mistakes Attachment What we used to think Based of Freud early years in life are very critical to how the personality develops thought that attachment was based on feeding Mothers used to always feed babies Harry Harlow Picture of page 120 Took very young rhesus away from mothers made fake mothers one with food and now fur and the other with fur but no food Monkeys have a preference for the ones with the fur on them regardless on who feed them Physical comfort and care were important similar to Erik Erikson s theories Bulbe Ethological theory guy Babies originally like any basic human form but start to get attached to the primary care giver Mary Ainsworth Strange situation Set up room with a 2 way mirror room was filled with toys used babies about 10 months of age what interaction do you see when you only have a mom and a baby And other situations 4 labels for types of attachment o Securely attached Used mom as base of operations seemed a little distressed when mom left o Insecure avoidant Showed little interaction with their caregiver didn t care if mom was gone or not Like they were avoiding the mom o Insecure resistant Cling to the care giver and would then push them away o Insecure disorganized Smallest percentage of infants history of abuse baby Seem to be disoriented and confused Show very strong patterns of avoiding the mother and fear full around the mother Page 124 paragraph Style of caregiving and attachment Reciprocal socialization Typically mothers spend more time with the babies and doing more of the caregiving 1999 to 2006 there was 300 increase in the number of fathers that stayed home with the kids Fathers are more rough and tumble and more playful when they interact with their kids Figure 4 9 Kinds of child care used Child care more or less has a positive effect on the child early finding Page 130 describes study on child care Majority of children are experiencing low quality child care 03 17 2015 Ch 5 Physical changes and physical growth Early Childhood ages 3 5 Growth rate begins to slow down Average growth of 2 to 3 inches in 5 to 7 pounds per year Girls are still lighter and have less muscle and more fat Brain o Continual growth of dendrites More neural connections and pruning process more quickly o Myelination continues Allows the brain to process information o More rapid growth in the frontal lobe Effects planning Prefrontal cortex doesn t stop developing until the early o Very hard for them to grab things when they are young because their fine motor skills are not very developed Serious problem with obesity in early childhood o Eat way more fats and junk food o Fried potatoes are the most consumed vegetables at this age o Have to model the right food choices Developed by the CDC 20 s for all age groups age Obesity BMI at the 97th percentile for children their own Overweight BMI at the 95TH percentile At risk of overweight 84th to 94th percentile o US has 2nd highest rate of obesity o Children 3 to 5 should be engaged in physical activity for atleast 2 hours a day WIC Women Infants and Children o Nutritional programs o Qualify based on income and if you had children or not Improves the health of mother of young children Supplements to food Milk substitutes and cheeses Accidents are the leading causes of death of children 3 to 5 o Drowning hitting their heads etc Children are having more and more health problems because of second hand smoke parental smoking can contribute to higher blood pressure and sleeping problems Piaget Preoperational stage Ages 2 to 7 Children begin to represent their worlds with words drawings and symbols o Egocentrism o Animism objects o Centration o Conservation Deals with their perception of the world Can only view the world from your perceptive Children will give human characteristics to inanimate Limitation of