PSYC 3830 STUDY GUIDE EXAM 1 add chapter 4 Chapter 1 What are the elements of abnormality and how are they used to classify abnormal behavior What is the DSM 5 definition of a mental disorder What are the advantages and disadvantages of a categorical classification system How do cultural factors affect what is considered abnormal Know definitions of the following terms Culture bound disorders Epidemiology Prevalence Incidence Comorbidity Etiology external validity internal validity statistical significance effect size Cross sectional Longitudinal or prospective studies Correlation What sources of information do we use in clinical psychology research What are the pros and cons of each What are the advantages of employing correlational research designs Disadvantages What are the differences between correlational and experimental methods Ideally what types of samples should be used in research on mental illness Chapter 2 What were some early causal explanations and treatments for mental illness What were Hippocrates main contributions to the study of mental illness What were some views of mental illness in the Middle Ages What were the conditions and purposes of the early asylums What were some of the main changes brought about by the humanitarian reform movements What was the moral management movement What led to deinstitutionalization when did it occur and what were some of the positive and negative effects of this movement What was the role of the Nancy school in establishing psychological causation views and what methods were used Who were some of the early experimental psychologists Who developed the first classification system for mental disorders What were Freud s contributions to the history of clinical psychology Chapters 3 and 16 Why do we need theoretical models to understand psychopathology What is the diathesis stress model What are the differences between interactive and additive models What are risk and protective factors What is the biopsychosocial model Understand the role of neurotransmitters and hormones in explaining mental illness What are the main neurotransmitters involved in explaining mental health symptoms and what are some of their effects What is behavioral genetics and what are some of the methods used to understand the relationships between genes and behavior What s the difference between genotype environment correlation and genotype environment interaction What are the pros and cons of the following methods and how do they link genes to behavior mental illness Family history method Twin method Adoption method Linkage analysis Association studies What is epigenetics and what have we learned from this emerging discipline What is meant by bidirectional influences between environment behavior neural activity and genetic activity Understand the role of temperament and how the five dimensions are related to adult personality characteristics What are some of the main biological approaches to treatment and how do they work What are their pros and cons What are some of the psychological causal factors that affect mental health According to Freud and psychoanalytic models what were the main sources of psychopathology What is meant by repression the unconscious the id ego superego defense mechanisms How do more recent psychodynamic models differ from traditional psychoanalysis What are the main techniques used by psychoanalytic therapies What are some criticisms of psychoanalytic theory and therapy How do Person Centered Humanistic models view human nature How do these models explain psychopathology What are the main techniques of Humanistic therapies What is motivational interviewing How do Behavioral theories explain the acquisition of maladaptive behavior patterns Know the terms operant conditioning classical conditioning extinction reinforcement observational learning What are some of the techniques associated with behavior therapy How do they employ behavioral principles How do cognitive theories explain the origin of mental health symptoms Know the terms schemas cognitive distortions cognitive triad What techniques are used in cognitive therapy What is cognitive behavioral therapy and what is the cognitive behavioral model for understanding psychopathology What are the main contributions of the third wave of cognitive behavioral therapy What are some of the newer therapies called and what techniques do they use How do cognitive behavioral therapies differ from psychoanalytic therapies How do family systems models explain psychopathology Know the terms circular causality and homeostasis What techniques are used in family systems models What is the difference between traditional behavioral couple therapy and integrative behavioral couple therapy How do sociocultural models explain psychopathology and what are some of the key factors that they focus on What techniques are used in culturally sensitive therapies Which models have the most empirical support Know these which theoretical models are associated with these figures Freud Rogers Watson Skinner Thorndike Bandura Ellis Beck Who are the service providers for mental health services and what is the difference between psychiatrists and psychologists What factors improve therapy outcome What is the difference between efficacy and effectiveness What are some of the standards and methods that we use to establish that a form of therapy is an evidence based treatment What is a randomized controlled trial Chapter 4 Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis What are the purposes of an assessment What types of information are gathered from clinical assessments What is the purpose of gathering a psychosocial history What are the different methods for obtaining this information What is the role of the clinician s theoretical orientation in influencing assessment practices What are the differences between neurological and neuropsychological examinations What are the different types of neurological examinations and what are their purposes What are the different types of psychological tests and what are their purposes What are the advantages and disadvantages of the different assessment methods What are the characteristics of a good clinical assessment Definitions Reliability Validity standardization Videos we watched in class History of asylums twins separated at birth epigenetics Rogers applying person centered therapy to Gloria Watson s experiment with Little Albert Bandura s Bobo doll experiment Skinner and operant