Chapter 1 Website Quiz Public policy is best defined as 04 22 2014 Government action taken in response to a public problem refers to the institutions and political processes through which public policy choices are made Government Market failures are economic justifications for why government becomes involved in societal problems The main reason that government gets involved in addressing a public problem is to Ensure that the general public good is maintained and protected A recession is likely to affect the policies that Congress and the president adopt to stimulate jobs This is an example of which context affecting the development of public policy Economic context Don t Ask Don t Tell the defense policy regarding homosexual individuals serving in the military was repealed in 2011 since the public has become more open to it This is an example of a change in which context of public policy Cultural context Political Political context The ideology of individual members of Congress is an example of the context that affects the development of public policy The popularity or relative power of a political party pressure exerted by interest groups and the influence of third parties such as the Tea Party are examples of the affecting how decisions are made by government The aging of the baby boom generation has led to growing interest in reform of government programs such as Medicare and Social Security Similarly immigration policy is in the forefront due to the influx of immigrants to the U S These are examples of the influencing policy A systematic and organized way to evaluate problems policy alternatives or the effectiveness of government programs is referred to as Social context Policy analysis When the Environmental Protection Agency adopts regulations that force power plants to take into consideration the actual costs to deal with pollution and the health problems it causes what types of market failure is the EPA addressing Negative externality Education is often cited as something that benefits more than just the person getting the education it benefits society in a number of other ways This is called Negative Externality and Information Failure are both examples what Positive externality Market failure Which of the following are examples of pure public goods National defense air public parks Which of the following criteria for analyzing public policies examines how government officials appraise the acceptability of a particular alternative or solution Political feasibility Chapter 2 Website Quiz 04 22 2014 The case of health care reform exemplifies The constitutional structure of the U S government often makes policymaking difficult In the past the policy making relationship between states and the federal government was called since there was clear separation of policy responsibility between the two levels Dual federalism refers to the checks and balances that our Constitution sets up among the three braches of government Separation of powers refer to informal clusters of organizations and individuals working in both government and the private sector that are deeply involved in a certain area of focus and share specialized knowledge communication patterns and power structures within that area of focus Issue networks refers to the ability of a government to address its problems effectively through public policy Incremental policy development Government policy actors are defined as Units or agencies of government that are involved in the policy making process The U S has made many small targeted changes to environmental policy economic policy and health care policy over time This is called policymaking Incremental Federal cabinet departments and major agencies such as the CIA and EPA are found in which brand of government Executive Growth in the size of government has led to An emergence of a large employment sector and a time consuming policy making process Since the U S Congress is the House of Representatives and the Senate must agree on policy actions before these policies can go forward Bicameral Interest groups often attempt to influence policymakers and public policy through Lobbying The federal court system plays a vital role in policymaking by Interpreting the policy decisions made by other agencies of government Formerly called iron triangles are informal groupings of interest groups congressional subcommittee and an executive agency that are less likely to be influenced by public opinion since they typically work closely together other of the public eye Issue networks The Senate allows its members more freedom to debate policy issues than the House In some cases Senators talk for hours in hopes of influencing a bill or blocking its passage This is called Federal grants for community development activities gives states and local governments an amount of money to conduct the activities with more flexibility to determine how the money is spent Filibuster Block Chapter 3 Website Quiz 04 22 2014 Which of the following best describes the sequence of the policy making process presented by the Kraft Furlong policy process model Agenda setting policy formulation policy implementation policy evaluation Agenda setting Policy formulation The policy making stage in which public needs are selected for consideration by a legislative body of government During the stage of policymaking legislators rely on policy analysts to develop and study possible policy alternatives for them to consider are tools approaches or methods that policy makers have available to use in order to formulate a policy Policy instruments Regulating is defined as assessing penalties The government requiring certain activities be done and if not The theory of policymaking emphasizes the formal and legal parts of governmental structure Institutional Political systems theory explains policymaking as a process of Interaction between the government institutions and the larger social economic and cultural context in which they operate refers to the occasion when the public is aware of and discussing an issue even though politicians may not be discussing the issue portrays public policy as the product of a continuous struggle among organized interest groups The policymaking stage during which new issues are identified as problems for government to address is called Systemic agenda Group theory Agenda setting What is the president s major forum for agenda setting and stating the coming year s priorities The State of the
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