Early Christendom:AriusA Greek who was a Christian that taught that Jesus was not truly God. He believed that Jesus was created by God the Father superior in dignity to any other creature, but that Jesus was not equal to God the Father.petrine doctrinesecular clergyostrogothsfranksclovisgregory of toursapostolic successionbenedict of nursiaregular clergythe hunsvisigothsmerovingiansmerovechreccaredal-zahrawial-razicannon of medicinearabic numbersal-khwarizmialgebracordobaandalusiaislamummamuhammadjustinian plaguejustinian Ithe institutesThe Digestthe codeconstantinoplepalace mayorspolygynypepin the shortpepin of haristalcharles martelbattle of tours-poitiersbattle of tetryneustriaaustrasiaburgundyostmarkSpanish MarchSaxonsLeo IIICharlemagneDemesnePepin's Donationlouis the piouspepin of aquitainelouis the germanthe treaty of verduncharles the simplenormandydanelawolegkievan rusmagyarsbattle of lechfeldgezastephen ILotharcharles the baldfeudalismcastellansPrimogeniturecommendation ceremonyhomagefealtySeigneurialismWhite TowerDomesday BookLillebonneWitenagemotHarald IIIHarold of Godwinson (Earl of Wessex)Truce of GodConrad of FranconiaHenry of SaxonyStem-Duchies (Dukes)Allodial propertyMinisterialismFrederick BarbarossaLegnanoEUH2000 Spring 2014 Exam 2 Study GuideEarly Christendom:Arius A Greek who was a Christian that taught that Jesus was not truly God. He believed that Jesus was created by God the Father superior in dignity to any other creature, but that Jesus was not equal to God the Father.petrine doctrineThe statement used by popes, bishops of Rome, based on Jesus' words, to substantiate their claimof being the successors of Saint Peter and heirs to his authority as chief of the apostlesthe rules of saint benedicta book of precepts written by St. Benedict of Nursia for monks living communally under the authority of an abbot. During the 1500 years of its existence, it has become the leading guide in Western Christianity for monastic living in community.secular clergyLive and work among everyday people; priest, bishop, and archbishopostrogothsGermanic Tribe that took control of Italy by the 5th centuryfranksA Germanic people who settled in the Roman province of Gaul.clovisthe first king of the Franks to unite all the Frankish tribes under one rulergregory of toursThe bishop of Tours in central Gaul. Wrote "The History of the Franks"apostolic successionA line of priestly power and authority originating from Christ and handed down from the apostles to the present through their successors, the bishops.benedict of nursiaBenedict of Nursia was a monk who organized the monastery of Monte Cassino in central Italy. The rules that he created to regulate monastic life - the Benedictine Rule - came to be used bymonasteries and convents across Europe. Benedictine monks and nuns took three vows - obedience to the abbot or abbess who headed the monastery or convent, poverty, and chastity.regular clergyClergy who live under the rule of a monastic house; monks and nunsthe hunsFierce warriors from Central Asia- First invaded southeastern Europe and then launched raids on nearby kingdomsvisigothsA member of the western Goths that invaded the Roman Empire in the fourth century A.D. and settled in France and Spain, establishing a monarchy that lasted until the early eighth century.merovingiansClovis and his successors, who were generally weak Frankish rulers who left the job of governing to palace officials.merovechwhat the Merovingian Dynasty was named after; he was a Frankish warrior-kingreccaredKing of the Visigoths in Spain. He reigned from 586-601. He also rejected traditional Arianism in favor of the Catholic church.Byzantine and Islam on the Periphery:al-zahrawigreatest muslim surgeon, developed new instruments and operations. discovered cauterization was best way to heal stab woundsal-raziA Persian scholar who was the greatest physician of the Muslim world (wrote a medical encyclopedia)cannon of medicinemedical encyclopedia@used in Europe for over 500 years in medical schools.arabic numbersSystem of writing numerals that was developed by Gupta mathematicians; became known as Arabic numerals because the Arabs brought them from India to the Middle East and Europe.al-khwarizmiInvented AlgebraalgebraA mathematical phrase involving at least one variable and sometimes numbers and operation symbols. invented by al-khwarizmicordobacapital@of Muslim Spain, an economic center, hundreds of workshops, culture and learning flourished there. had biggest library at the timeandalusiamuslim kingdom alon iberian peninsulaislamA religion based on the teachings of the prophet Mohammed which stresses belief in one god (Allah), Paradise and Hell, and a body of law written in the Quran.@Followers@are called Muslims.ummaThe community of all Muslims. they had to protect jewsmuhammadArab prophet; founder of religion of Islam.justinian plagueDisease@that swept through Byzantine Empire, Originated in India carried through Mediterraneanby ships, simular to Bubonic Plague, Greek scientists did not know how to deal with it. Weakened Military resources, weakening Justinian's efforts to unite the Mediterranean world.justinian IByzantine emperor from 527 to 565; he reunited the parts of the Roman empire, simplified Roman laws with Justinian's Code, and ordered Hagia Sophia built.the institutesJohn Calvin's publication that was the cornerstone of his theology; provided the belief in the absolute sovereignty and omnipotence of God and the total weakness of humanityThe Digestcompilation of roman laws ordered by justinian Ithe codecompilation of Roman imperial law made by order of Justinian I, forming part of the Corpus Juris Civilis...remained in effect in the eastern byzantine empire after the dissolution of the western roman empireconstantinopleA large and wealthy city that was the imperial capital of the Byzantine empire and later the Ottoman empire, now known as IstanbulThe Carolingians:palace mayorsmerivians keep eye on Carolines by making them palace mayor. This positione ventually becomes hereditarypolygynyA form of polygamy in which a man may have more than one wife at the same time.pepin the shortHe was Charles Martel's son. He was king and the Pope asked him for help against the Lombardswho were invading. Pepin helps him and defeats them and in turn, the Pope names him king of the Franks. Then Pepin gives the Pope land called the Papal States.pepin of haristalbecomes palace mayor. rebels against merivians and is