ANTH 1101 30 October Race a cultural category and a biological fiction Linnaeus four races of homo sapiens o American copper colored choleric erect Hair black straight thick nostrils wide face harsh beard scanty obstinate content free Paints himself with find red lines Regulated by customs o European fair sanguine brawny Hair yellow brown flowing eyes blue gentle acute inventive Covered with close vestments Governed by laws o Asiatic sooty melancholy rigid Hair black eyes dark severe haughty covetous Covered with loose garments Governed by opinions o African black phlegmatic relaxed Hair black frizzled skin silky nose flat lips tumid crafty indolent negligent Anoints himself with grease Governed by caprice Early physical anthropology craniometry brain skull size and intellect Scientifically invalid biological category o Biological characteristics affected by natural selection or gene flow e g melanin hair texture are distributed in geographic gradations o Any two or more gradations are likely to be distributed discordantly o Therefore the description of any population as a single homogeneous race or human biological type is incorrect Alternative scientific categories to describe human physical and cultural variation o Biological population any breeding population o Cline a single biological trait s geographical gradient o Ethnicity perceived cultural or physical similarities and differences race is a type of ethnicity that is a perceived difference Race as construction o Race is a historically recent concept o Racial categories vary by society o Groups identified as a race at one point in time may not be at another Racialization the social and historical process by which groups acquire a racial identity newborns o U S Public Health Service Code used until 1989 to classify race of o Race does not exist Racism does exist Charles Keyes o The House We Live In film How have racial categories in the U S e g ideas about whiteness achanged over time How did federal policies and funding affect race issues in Why did American suburbs develop patterns of segregation How does past discrimination continue to affect race and class housing practices inequality today ANTH 1101 30 October Intersectionality examining how cultural categories like race class sexuality and gender interact on multiple levels to manifest themselves as inequality in society o Class and gender 75 of all the world s people living on less than 1 a day are women most of the rest are boys and girls under 15 years old who are often dependent on a woman Women own 1 of the world s natural resources and grow 60 80 of the world s food o Race class and gender In the U S class has been racialized that is a greater percentage of people of color are adversely affected by the rules of the economy African Americans Latinos and Native Americans have rates of poverty and unemployment more than double of whites Most poor people are white but minorities are disproportionately represented in lower economic income brackets In all racial groups in the U S women fare the worst economically and politically o How does this become translated into oppression or privilege The House We Live In U S history of racial identifications U S history of racist practices in the housing industry redlining Producing and maintaining the current economic stratification between blacks and white in America The racist history tends to disappear making it seem that white families just worked harder and were more successful meritocracy