Anthropology Quiz 2 Lakota The horse revolutionized them forest too dangerous on foot Horse from the Spanish allowed them to have bigger teepees Euthanasia left to die if you couldn t traverse the land now you could travel by force Natural ceiling of hunting High trade because of industrial age produce for exchange over use This caused overhunting but received guns tools Became really reliant on alcohol and goods Became Loaf about the fort trade for more sending women in to whore themselves Autonomous Indians did not remain or rely on trade Symbiosis equal trade but then one becomes more dependent Rise of Factionalism modernize with whites or stay with traditional Indians split within the tribe Everything was dependent on the Buffalo Trans Continental Railroad went to War with Americans had to surrender because there people were starving no economy So treaties were necessary 2 sovereign nations Land size automatically decreases no infrastructure so they kept losing more and more land Tiyoshpaye people that travel together you re tiyoshpaye is always with you and they are always with you Cluster housing is dysfunctional on the reservations decided by American government There is no money land is fundamental Division between Full Blood Autonomous hostiles Mixed Bloods LATF friendlies Indian Reorganization Act took the land under trust and the Indians no longer had control but they were granted the ability to have free elections for democracy but needed money mixed bloods had money and full bloods wanted nothing to do with it Mixed bloods take major positions in the government Black Hills Spiritual connection US government just took it from them US tries to give them money but the Lakota s refuse it CRAZY HORSE WOULDN T SIGN THE TREATY Indian Problem Bureau of Indian Affairs in D C in charge of reservations the people knew nothing about them and didn t like them 1889 Allotment Act tried to assimilate N A by giving every male of household by giving them land and cattle giving out land that was already theirs and land was less Originally a matrilineal society but this was a slap in the face 1889 Wounded Knee Winters are really harsh so they wanted to hunt and go off reservations they did the ghost dance so the people in charge of the reservation were scared and called the government and wouldn t let the Indians leave the reservation Big Foot LATF white people like him so he brought a white flag and brought women and children to go hunting and were sleeping on Wounded Knee when the 7th Cavalry showed up and the Indians gave them the two weapons and the cavalry shot everyone massacred women and children Lakota s darkest time in history 1934 BIA Indian Reorganization Act took all the land in trust so they Indians could not use the land as collateral and the Indians couldn t get loans and therefore couldn t build 1972 Wounded Knee AIM group born from cities Eisenhower s resurgence took over Wounded Knee and seized it longest seize in history surrounded by FBI and surrendered so that their needs would be met government didn t listen so civil war starts 1884 no buffalo so whites were encroaching more and more so that s when the Indians began fighting Antelope more mixed bloods more assimilated Boarding schools would steal children especially full bloods kill the Indians to save the society mixed bloods would send kids there Pine Ridge full blood society 60 s revitalize cultural ways with Eisenhower Naming system curious feature and personality renamed every few years Americans changed their names to surnames A lot of Native Americans will go back to reservation attached to the land and history always comes back to the land Matrilineal but wanted to make it more patriarchal like American society Tiyoshpaye based on worth not on wealth the number of relatives being a relative giveaway system having strong ties social capital Giveaway Ghost Owning Sun Dance most important ritual of the year happens in October traditionally when Buffalo were herding for mating when all 7 bands of the tribe get together at one spot ceremony can go on for four days sacrifice put skewer in pecs Then they do a big hunt together missionaries saw this as barbaric and tried to stop it still occurs 4 or 5 a year varying traditions After the 2nd Wounded Knee people were questioning why the buffalo were dying and why they weren t prospering belief of an apocalypse and that the Lakota will be revived Revitalization any apocalypse a dream of heaven on earth a response to colonialism simple explanation caught on and spread around plain Ghost dance is a response to decrease in buffalo and why their lives change so quickly Hostiles are linked to AIM in the cities younger generation pissed that their parents had to live in the ghettos and they aren t connected to culture began peacefully but the government saw them as hostile LATF Dick Wilson n charge of tribal council helping BIA and against AIM Leonard Peltier charged with two murders of FBI agents innocent and full blood but because it was a political crime longer sentence Eisenhower Determination Policy government said we ll give you houses in cities to make a living for yourself but ends up in the ghetto poorer than on reservation and loss of culture 2nd Wounded Knee Standoff Than Civil war picked up hostility among different factions War ended but there is still political and economic difference full bloods are always welcoming to mixed bloods mixed bloods don t respect full bloods big bucks Remittances when mixed bloods let their children go and send money back to reservation Social Capital Economic Wealth Cluster Housing Bad leads to violence 7 council fires represent the 7 bands of the Lakota MOVIE The Spirit of Crazy Horse Black hills currently Mt A lot of Native Americans adapted to tourism Indians have strong connection to land Heart of everything that aches name of the land Red Cloud Loaf about the fort Crazy Horse that didn t want to be with the trading company never wanted to sign a treaty with Americans fought General Custard and won killed by whites and no one knows where he is buried This was the initial split High Unemployment live on welfare Business of Indian affairs gives jobs to loaf about the fort Indians Many died of alcoholism want to escape reality Eisenhower Determination Program American Indian Movement came from the cities Stormed Washington Indians were reborn Henry Crowdaw link to the past Wesley Badheart Bull stabbed by white man Charged with