History of American education The three major periods are the colonial period 1607 1775 the early national period 1775 1820 and the common school movement 1820 1865 two major ears are the progressive era 2 1799 was the beginning of Special Education Jean Marc Gaspard Itard and Special and the modern era 1 1751 the American Academy was established Education 3 1837 women went to college 4 1916 teacher form the American Federation of Teachers 5 1974 exceptional learners benefit from federal funding Special education as its name suggests is a specialized branch of education Claiming lineage to such persons as Jean Marc Gaspard Itard 1775 1838 the physician who tamed the wild boy of Aveyron and Anne Sullivan Macy 1866 1936 the teacher who worked miracles with Helen Keller special educators teach those students who have physical cognitive language learning sensory and or emotional abilities that deviate from those of the general population Special educators provide instruction specifically tailored to meet individualized needs making education available to students who otherwise would have limited access to education Although federally mandated special education is relatively new in the United States students with disabilities have been present in every era and in every society Historical records have consistently documented the most severe disabilities those that transcend task and setting Nineteenth century reports of deviant behavior describe conditions that could easily be interpreted as severe mental retardation autism or schizophrenia When literacy became a goal for all children teachers began observing disabilities specific to task and setting that is less severe disabilities After decades of research and legislation special education now provides services to students with varying degrees and forms of disabilities including mental retardation emotional disturbance learning disabilities speech language communication disabilities impaired hearing and deafness low vision and blindness autism traumatic brain injury other health impairments and severe and multiple disabilities References http education stateuniversity com pages 2438 Special Education html
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