III. Chapter 12 Motivating Employees1. Motivation- the psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behavior. We all have needs some are filled some are not. Those that are not as managers/leaders we must fill them.2. Give out rewards 2 typesa) #1)Extrinsic- think “EX” for EXternal these are things such as raises, new company car, new bigger office etc. Receive from OTHERS for a particular taskb) #2)Intrinsic- these are INternal such as job satisfaction, a sense of pride and/or accomplishment. Receive from the particular task itself3. Everyone is different figure out what works and use the motivation that works best for the INDIVIDUAL!4. Hierarchy of needs theory- goal is to move everyone up the hierarchy, but must start at base and fill each need before moving up hierarchy.5.6. ERG Theory- assumes that there are 3 basic needs a) Existence: for physiological & material well beingb) Relatedness: having substantial relationships with people we care aboutc) Growth: desire to grow as human beings to fullest potentiald) *****what is is important as with the ERG theory the manager/leader can fill the needs or MORE THAN ONE AT A TIME LIKE THE HIERARCHY OF NEEDS!7. Acquired Needs Theory: Achievement, Affiliation, Powera) What is important here is that there needs to be a WELL BALANCED relationship between the 3 no one more than other you get people such as control freaks etc. You want BALANCE!8. 2 Factor Theory- there are two factorsa) #1) Dissatisfaction: aka Hygiene factors; EXTRINSIC(see 1st bullets of guide)b) #2) Satisfaction: INTRINSIC FACTORSc) What is important is that there are two steps; Step 1: eliminate the dissatisfaction Step 2 then you can truly motivate someone with satisfaction factors.9. Equity Theory: this focuses on the perceptions that employees have on OTHER EMPLOYEES(i.e. John) not the boss or company other employees.a) What is important is that you must change their perception ex: “Am I fair to you? Yes is the company fair? Then who cares about John”10. Expectancy Theory- 3 partsa) #1)Expectancy- do I have skills to complete job?b) #2)Instrument- will there be a award if I do job?c) #3)Valance- will I be happy with the reward?d) Important here: must say YES to all 3 questions! AND customize the reward to fit the individual get used to hearing this!11. Goal Setting Theory-some people like goals so give them specific,challenging, attainable goals with rewards; some people hate goals so give them free reign just make sure they complete task.12. Job Design- 3 typesa) Simplification- very simple repetitive job example putting a nike check logo on shirts over and over in factoryb) Enlargement- some people get bored so give them more tasks example maybe not just put nike check, but also add color and put tag on shirtc) Enrichment- let them think their way of doing each task tell them the goal or end result and let them think best way13. Job Characteristics Model- 5 core job characteristic VARIETY/ TASK IDENTITY/ SIGNIFICANCE/ AUTONOMY/ AND FEEDBACK a) Important alter any all all that are not up to the standard!14. Reinforcement Theory-a) Positive- Do good get good reward(1) Ex: bonus for good sales that monthb) Negative- Do good withdrawal a bad thing(1) Ex: no longer get hounded for report every day because you did such an amazing jobc) Punishment- Do bad get Bad thing to you(1) Ex: show up late over and over doc payd) Extinction- Do good but dont receive what you were told ****the only bad reinforcement type makes good behavior extincte) *also important is make sure that you reward/punish ASAP for example if dog pees on ground you dont yell at it a month later instead you punish it RIGHT AWAY! Also mix it up for different individuals!(1) Ex: tell someone that if they do good sales youll give bonus then never give bonus this is BADDDDD15. Some types of MONETARY incentives....a) Piece Rate- example is you get paid $5 a book you sell more books you sell more $ you makeb) Gainsharing- come up with a good idea company will give u $c) Stock Options- rewards via stocks and it keeps you incentivized to stay w/ company longerd) Pay Knowledge- example if you are a teacher you may take certain certifications etc. And schools will pay you more16. Some types of NON MONETARY incentives....a) Flexible Workplace: there are a few examples as followsb) Flex time- if you cant come in office to work 9-5 because of your child or some other reason maybe come in 10-6 or 7-4.c) Job Sharing- lets say you and a fellow coworker each are about to have child instead of just taking maternity leave, your employer can say you and your friend each share this job that way more time with kid and when your kids little older come back full time!d) Work from homee) 4 day work week significant because if you have staff work Mon-Thurs and have Friday off you save money on electricity etc. Keeping office open and just add a few more hours each day to make up for no work Friday your employees will love you!17.III. Chapter 14 Leadership1. Leadership- the ability to influence employees to voluntarily pursuit organizations gains2. A leader gets people internally driven where they put the COMPANY goals ahead of their OWN.3. Manager coping with COMPLEXITY; Leaders coping with CHANGE.a) A manager deals with the what needs to be done planning and budgeting, organizing and staffing; A leader determines the DIRECTION, by ALIGNING PEOPLE and MOTIVATING AND INSPIRING.4. 5 types of Powera) #1)Legitimate Power- I have power over you because I am the boss, from the formal positions within organizationb) #2)Reward- I have power because I have the ability to reward you.c) #3)Coercive- I have power because I have the ability to make your life hell, or punish yourd) #4)Expert- I have power because I am an expert in a certain area or field so you need mee) #5)Referent- I have power because of just my personal charisma, or attractionf) Important is as a Leader you want all 5 managers just have #1. #2-4 are leadership types5. Some Examples of Tactics for Influencing Othersa) Rational- explain it to them rationallyb) Inspirational- get them fired up about itc) Consultation- value your input, give me your feedbackd) Exchange- you do this and ill do that for youe) Personal Appeals- listen we go way back as friends help me outf) Ingratiating- brown nosing, you look so smart etc.g) Coalition- lets you & I build a teamh) Pressure- if you don’t do this ill make your life miserablei) Legitimating- Im your boss
View Full Document
Unlocking...