I. The early 20th century saw a turn away form formalisma. The increasing emphasis on technique and visual spectacle – loss of expression and depthII. Fauvisma. Characterized by bright and bold colors; colors are to emphasize the emotional effect of the piecei. Most notable artists: Henri Matisse & Andre Derainii.iii.III. Cubisma. Style or movement some may say, that describes the use of very cubic shapes and angles, featuring the shards of what was once a normal object or personi. Pablo Picasso (Les Demoiselles d’Avignon – The Young Ladies of Avignon)ii.iii. Serge Diaghilev (1872-1929): producer of operas and ballets1. Attracted to Michel Fokine’s progressive ideas2. Hired Fokine as choreographer for his company, Ballet Russesiv. Michel Fokine1. Saw Isadora Duncan perform in 1904, stimulated a use of freer arms and torsoa. Reform of technical and costume2. Graduated from Imperial Ballet School in 1898a. Attacked ballet’s blind conformity to tradition despite the strict training background3. Wanted to challenge the genre and stretch out the boundaries of balletIV. Diaghilev and Ballet Russesa. Believed that ballet should represent more contemporary, natural…b. Phase I of ballet Russes (1909-1914)i. Influence of Isadora Duncan – emotional content of movement, natural, impacted themii. Benois and Bakst – provided vibrant color in stage designs (Cleopatre, Les Sylphides, Pavillon)iii. Sensuous renderings, exotic atmospheresc. Performed in Paris in 1909i. Anna Pavlova – main dancerii. Male dancer – Nijinsky1. Western writers and artists took an immediate interest in Ballet Russes (Cocteau, Chagall, Rodin)iii. Russian themed ballets – Firebird (Russian folk talks)1. Pertrouchka (both Stravinsky music) (1911)2. Choreography by Fokined. Season of 1912i. Nijinsky being groomed to choreograph, entered into relationship with Diaghilev, first work of Afternoon of a Faune. Season of 1913i. Rite of Spring1. Big scandal: Nijinsky emerged as a choreographer and created The Rite of Spring in 1912 (Stravinsky music)2. Public displeasure – riots3. Russian tribe celebrates the coming of spring with the sacrifice of a maiden4. New type of movementV. Video – Rite of Springa. Youtube: Joffrey Ballet – 1987 – Rite of Spring (1 of 3/2 of 3/3 of 3)b. Ugly, asymmetrical death choreographyc. Connection to arti. Red outfits: bold colorii. When people move, they always move “flat”iii. Make up – grotesque and Fauvist; angular and Cubistiv. “shards” of movement; reflection of