Review for Exam 1 Comm 250 Introduction to Communication Inquiry 10 12 2011 General Comments and Guidelines The exam will consist of no more than 50 multiple choice questions probably fewer The exam will cover Chapters 1 2 3 and 4 in your text West Turner Focus will be on class notes but questions from the text will be asked you should use your text in conjunction with your class notes to further your understanding of the topics discussed in class I will NOT test you on anything from the text that we didn t ALSO cover in class The exam will require you to know more than terms and definitions You will be asked 1 to think about the broad implications of each of the topic areas we covered i e How do each of the topic areas relate to one another and to communication theory 2 to identify examples of class concepts acting in real life situations and 3 to apply your understanding of the concepts to theory building and testing Defining Communication Define communication What are the issues involved in defining communication environment Why is it important to define communication Process in which individuals use symbols to establish and interpret meaning in their To determine what communication is and how to become better communicators Models of the communication process know their components and how they differ conceptually Linear A source or a transmitter of a message sends a message to a receiver This communication takes place in a channel Channel is a pathway to communication Communication also involves noise Elements Source Message Receiver Channel Noise Interactional View of communication as the sharing of meaning with feedback that links source and receiver two way process Elements Sender message feedback channel noise Transactional View of communications as the simultaneous sending and receiving of messages Process is cooperative Elements Noise message feedback communicators field of experience o Feedback the response to the communicator s message Types of Noise Noise Distortion in channel not intended by the source Semantic Noise linguistic influences on reception of message Pertains to slang jargon or specialized language Ex When Jennifer received a medical report from her ophthalmologist the physicians words included phrases such as ocular neuritis dilated funduscopic examination and papillary conjunctival changes Outside of the medical world these words have limited or no meaning the receiver Physical external Noise bodily influences on reception of messages exists outside of Ex Noise from protestors near by at a political rally Ex While on the cell phone near a train station the people walking and talking the train conductor the train on the tracks all of those noises are external Psychological Noise cognitive influences on reception of a message Refers to a communicator s prejudices biases and predispositions toward Ex Listening to views of a politician whom you do not support at a political another or the message rally Physiological biological influences on reception of a message A person has poor eyesight A person is ill Hearing problems allergies memory loss diseases etc Communication contexts know what they are and topics of study within them these topics can be found in your text Environment Situation or context in which communication occurs Includes time place historical period relationship speaker and listeners cultural backgrounds Contexts Environments in which communication takes place Provide a backdrop against which researchers and theorists can analyze phenomena Provide clarity Situational Contexts Environments limited by factors such as of people present feedback space between communicators available channels Seven Communication Contexts Intrapersonal interpersonal small group organizational public rhetorical mass media and cultural FIGURE 2 2 CHAPTER 2 IN TEXTBOOK Intrapersonal Communication with oneself SLIDES Role of Cognition Decision making Attributions About Others Attributions About Self Persuasion Interpersonal Face to face communication SLIDES Relationship development Relationship Maintenance Relationship Dissolution Power Control Attraction Small Group Communication with a group of people SLIDES Problem Solving Leadership Communication Networks Power Norms Organizational Communication within and among large and extended SLIDES Culture Power Morale Worker Satisfaction Hierarchy environments Productivity Public Rhetorical Communication to a large group of listeners audience SLIDES Aristotle Ethos Logos Pathos Speech Text Criticism Communication Apprehension Mass Media Communication to a very large audience through mediated forms SLIDES Effects on Culture News can be obtained within seconds minute by minute updates of news sports statistics information is obtained and spread rapidly People have shorter attention want more and more info less face to face communication more interaction with technology Cultural Communication between and among members of different cultures SLIDES Co Cultures How Culture Affects Communication Gender Muslim women are not treated the same as Muslim men Orthodox Jews the wife does not touch other men even shake hands or give a hug Health Networks SLIDES Interpersonal Public Health Risk Messages Diffusion Go over again Introduction to Theory What is Theory i e theory defined Any conceptual representation or explanation of a phenomenon Stephen Littlejohn Set of statements specifying an explanatory relationship between two or more classes of a phenomenon Mary John Smith Difference between a theory a model and a taxonomy Taxonomy a conceptual representation of categories of a phenomenon Model a simplified representation of reality Specifies relationships between concepts Theory Any conceptual representation or explanation of a phenomenon Stephen Temporal Order Littlejohn What are the Goals of Theory Describe understand o The what Explain Predict Control o How and or why o What will happen next o Social change Communication Theory A way to describe explain predict and or control human communication behavior Metatheoretical Assumptions Metatheory Body of speculation on the nature of theory and research Ontological Branch of philosophy concerned with studying the nature of reality o Example ontological questions Do humans make real choices Is human experience basically individual or social Epistemological Branch of philosophy that studies knowledge How do people know what they claim to know Can knowledge be certain Can knowledge exist
View Full Document
Unlocking...