Slide 1IntroductionYou can ask someone what they did for PAInformation from self-report measures:Example of how this could information could be used:Slide 6AdvantagesDisadvantagesDisadvantages Cont’dPossible implications?Lots of different questionnaires:IPAQ questionnaireSlide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17IPAQ: sittingSlide 19SummaryConcepts and Methods 3:MEASUREMENTVIA QUESTIONNAIRESIntroduction•Why would we want to measure PA?–To figure out what components of PA are important for health –Prevalence estimates–To monitor changes over time–_______________________•There are a number of ways to assess PA–Subjective: ________________–Objective: not influenced by one’s perception •Each method has own advantages and disadvantagesYou can ask someone what they did for PA•Self-report–Diary–Self-administered recall–Interviewer-administered recall - prompts–____________________ •Varying time periods•Key: The individua l s are recallingInformation from self-report measures:•Frequency (how often)•________ (light, moderate, etc)•Type (bike, run, etc)•Duration (time)•________ (home, work, etc) –helps to know where you should interveneExample of how this could information could be used:•We could estimate MET-hrs–1 hour running @ 9 METs (where do we get this?) •______________–2 hours housework @ 3 METs • ________________• Total exercise:•Total Physical activity:–housework not “exercise” (planned, structured, regular)No Caption Available.Advantages•Easy for researcher•_______________•Inexpensive•Suitable for large population•Can provide contextual informationDisadvantages•Validity/Reliability issues– – •Limited by cognitive ability of participants (i.e. older adults and children)•___________________•People may lieDisadvantages Cont’d•People may forget what they did•Error is random – •Different time frames–Previous day–Previous week–Previous month–Previous year–Lifetime–UsualPossible implications?Celis-Morale et al., 2012Lots of different questionnaires:–ACLS Questionnaire–Paffenbarger Physical Activity Recall–CARDIA Physical Activity History–Modifiable Physical Activity Questionnaire–Yale Physical Activity Survey–Historical Physical Activity Questionnaire–NHANES–International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Etc…IPAQ questionnaire•Developed to provide a ___________ questionnaire so that prevalence of physical activity can be compared worldwideIPAQLanguages IPAQ is available: Arabic (Saudi-Arabia) Dutch (Belgian) English Estonian French German (Austrian) Icelandic Korean Lithuanian Malaysian Norwegian Persian-Farsi PolishPortugese(Brazil) Spanish (Argentina) Spanish (Columbia) Spanish (USA) Taiwanese Turkish VietnameseIPAQ: sittingCountry Total sample (%)Quintile 1 Quintile 2 Quintile 3 Quintile 4 Quintile 50–179 minutes180–240 minutes241–360 minutes361–539 minutesd540–1020 minutesBrazil 42.8 29.0 20.3 5.3 2.6Portugal 50.4 25.6 12.6 7.1 4.2Colombia 47.9 24.9 14.6 7.2 5.4India 39.2 19.5 19.0 16.0 6.3China 20.7 29.8 24.7 17.1 7.6New Zealand 21.5 28.7 21.9 14.3 13.6U.S. 27.3 26.0 20.0 12.2 14.5Australia 24.9 29.6 18.5 10.9 16.1Argentina 24.9 22.3 22.4 14.1 16.3Canada 19.9 26.4 21.9 15.2 16.6Belgium 15.1 24.0 21.0 19.6 20.4Spain 19.9 22.3 19.2 17.6 21.1Sweden 14.5 26.1 21.9 15.9 21.6Czech Republic9.7 18.4 24.4 23.5 24.0Lithuania 10.3 19.2 22.4 22.9 25.2Hong Kong 11.2 21.0 21.4 20.7 25.8Saudi Arabia 4.5 16.8 24.7 28.1 25.9Norway 7.9 21.0 25.1 18.8 27.2Taiwan 10.0 20.7 23.1 18.6 27.6Japan 8.6 13.3 21.0 22.2 34.9CountryWeighted Validn ##Total sample (%)Low activeModerate ActivityHigh activeArgentina 1189 26.7 (24–29) 35.2 (32–38) 38.0 (35–41)Australia 2642 17.2 (16–19) 24.3 (23–26) 58.6 (57–60)Belgium 1922 43.0 (41–45) 27.4 (25–29) 29.6 (28–32)Brazil 981 30.4 (28–33) 45.0 (42–48) 24.6 (22–27)Canada 2626 13.7 (12–15) 26.7 (25–28) 59.6 (58–62)China 1593 6.9 (6–8) 35.4 (33–38) 57.7 (55–60)Colombia 2974 19.8 (18–21) 27.5 (26–29) 52.7 (51–55)Czech Rep 7468 9.9 (9–11) 27.2 (26–28) 62.9 (62–64)Hong Kong 4657 15.3 (14–16) 50.6 (49–52) 34.1 (33–35)India 1004 23.4 (21–26) 38.7 (36–42) 37.9 (35–41)Japan 4618 43.3 (42–45) 35.4 (34–37) 21.2 (20–22)Lithuania 2210 15.0 (14–16) 32.9 (31–35) 52.1 (50–54)New Zealand 1449 12.2 (10–14) 24.7 (22–27) 63.1 (61–66)Norway 1625 26.1 (24–28) 33.6 (31–36) 40.3 (38–43)Portugal 1435 26.2 (24–28) 28.5 (26–31) 45.3 (43–48)Saudi Arabia 974 40.0 (37–43) 33.8 (31–37) 26.2 (23–29)Spain 1541 24.2 (22–26) 36.2 (34–39) 39.6 (37–42)Sweden 1254 23.9 (22–26) 37.3 (35–40) 38.8 (36–41)Taiwan 4773 42.3 (41–44) 32.9 (32–34) 24.8 (24–26)USA 4587 15.9 (15–17) 22.1 (21–23) 62.0 (61–63)IPAQ: PASummary•You should know–What a self-report physical activity measure is–What information can you get from a self-report–What are the advantages of using self-report–What are the disadvantages of using self-report–Why was the IPAQ