Civil Rights all people are treated equally 9 3 13 There has to be a case for the supreme court Dreg scott vs Sanford scott belonged to Sanford opposed slavery took him to a nonslave state free man came back to southern state slave Cannot sue in court because he was an African american they are slaves by nature cannot be citizens led to the civil war after the civil war congress ratifies the 13 abolishes slavery 15 previous condition male color race vote and 14 th amendment born in the us the u are a citizen state cannot deprive people from rights equal protection of the law all citizens regardless of race Civil Rights Acts of 1865 tried to prevent states from getting around these amendments Supreme Court overturned some of the acts Primaries political parties make decisions for candidate are not specified in the constitutions Democratic in the south primaries are for white people Grandfather clause ancestry poll tax pay for vote literacy testPlessy vs Feurgson Plessy is 7 8th white Supreme court that s constitutional ok to separate races if they are treated equally 60 years later Brown vs Board decision overturned the case separate is inherently unequal and illegal Rosa Parks led to a boycott of the buses in Montgomery Non violence civil disobedienceThe civil rights of 1964 prohibited segregation 1965 state had to submit vote plan to get approval from federal system Affirmative action voter ids Civil rights 9 5 13 14th amendment has the equal protection clause everyone entitled Sental falls convention declaration of sentimence modeled declaration of independence called for equality for women in all aspects of life education politics and employment universal suffrage NOT SPECIFIED IN CONSTITUION Lobbying and direct action by a political part to help out women 3 rd partygoal ex republican started as a minor issue end slavery became major 19th amendment can deny someone to vote specially on the sex 15th amendment right to vote should not a bridge on a basis of race color etc 23th amendment districts of Columbus can vote in presidential elections people in Washington dc don t have the right to vote no representatives of congress 24th Amendment outlawed the poll tax 26th amendment Vietnam war era 18ys old or older have the right to vote Wesbery vs Sanders Each district chooses one representative same in state level Rural district have more power to choose a representative than the urban district Supreme court says all district must have the same population Census every ten years to redraw their lines unequal representation means unequal protection NOW young women more involved in political economic social and political Equality of rights should not denied a bridge onaccount of sec equal protection clause Article 5 amendment must be ratified by of the state 2 3 of house of rep and 2 3 of senate Everyone approved of the equal rights except only 35 states More women are elected for congress progress nancy polison Clinton sanda r conner now they r three women in the us supreme court many laws have been passed to protect women in the work place equal pay act protected women form wage discrimination Obama Affirmative Action programs ex Uga advertise for minorities strong students have to bemixed to attend uga University of California vs Bakke white male not admitted Reverse discrimination university had a strict quota system exact percentage of minorities in school unconstitutional for race not sole factor However it can be considered one of many factors Diversity is good but you cant give extra points to minorities or women Illegal immigration federal state and courts debating LGBT community 1969 after the stone wall incident gay men rioted against the police Lawerencevs Texas antisomadity laws aimed aginst gay men because homosexuality was a crime Georgia laws never stated just mentioned certain activities now all antisomadity are illegalunconstitutional Same sex marriage 1 3 of the us population 1996 congress passed the defense of marriage act refuse to requinized same sex marriage Court declared gays married in states that are legal must receive the same federal benefits like any other people Did not rule if they can get benefits if married in other states Federalism national and state level 9 10 13 Article section 1 ex In state vs out of state tution treating people differently another one same sex marriage full faith and credit clause Section2 pliveges and immunities rights all ctizens enjoy regardless the state Section 4 a republician form of government an indirect democracy but direct can work like small English towns people shoes their representatives then they gover Every state is guaranteed a republic form Different forms don t need separation of powers or bicameral legislature it s the state choice but everybody chose it Nebraska don t have bicameral legislature Also supreme law of the land federalism us constitution laws to put to effect It triumphs every other law certain powers that belong to the state or national only supremacy clause national and state 10 th amendment If the constution does not prohibit the power of the states then they are allowed reserved powers 14th amendment dual citizenship every person is a citizen of us and state Issue state benefits supreme court did not rule this part of the constution is murky supreme court decision is not clear and persistent Federalsim Mccloch vs Maryland Maryland taxes national bank but bank refused Does congress have the authority to charter a bank its not in the constuition do states have the power to tax that bank Article 1 section 8 congress have power to coin money borrow to pay debt necessary and proper to put the laws into affect court says congress have the power to tax a bank because it is applied in the constution Implied powers The power to tax is the power to destroy States cannot destroy a creation of the national government sets a limit on the states and congress do have implied powers through the necessary and proper clause barron vs Baltimore congress shall make no law establishing religion others Bill of rights does not apply to the state but the national gov started with the 14 th amendment no state can deny Selective incorporation the bill of rights is incorporated through the 14 th amendment to apply to the states Most of the bill of rights does apply Ex Giddeon vs Wainright Giddeon is poor read the constution Went to state trail said have the right to counsel Didn t apply to the state court Found guilty