Question 11 / 1 ptsIn which of the following ways do postcommunist success stories like Hungary, Poland, and the Czech Republic differ from countries with less successful records like Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, and Serbia? They are much more ethnically diverse.They were more heavily influenced by the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian empires.They had less contact with the West during communist rule.Correct!They have a greater precommunist history of healthy civil society.They were more heavily industrialized after the fall of communism.Question 21 / 1 ptsOne of the challenges in putting Marx’s ideas into practice has been that:his guidelines for how to build communism presumed technological innovation that has not yet occurred.Correct!he left no specific outline for how communism would be built.he only provided a guideline for how to build communism in small agricultural countries.his guidelines for how to build communism were too costly to realize. most of his writings have been lost.Question 31 / 1 ptsHow did Marxist theory change the lives of women in most communist countries?Traditional patterns of sexism largely faded and most women were able to let go of their traditional roles inside the home.Abortion and divorce laws were made more conservative, reducing women’s access to both.Correct!Women were given greatly expanding workforce and educational opportunities. Gender relations changed dramatically in most arenas.Many women rose to positions of significant political and economic power.Question 41 / 1 ptsGorbachev’s perestroika was concerned with: devolution and federalism. military disarmament.Correct! institutional economic and political reforms. encouraging public debate. religious freedom.Question 51 / 1 ptsIn which of the following ways did Lenin’s beliefs about communism differ from those of Marx?He argued that it was necessary to retain religion under communism.He argued that some democratic processes could be incorporated into the operation of the state.He argued that the state did not have to wither away after the communist revolution.He argued that socialism could be an end goal, not a transitional phase.Correct!He argued that revolutions could take place in less advanced countries.Question 61 / 1 ptsFor most of his career, Marx generally argued that communist revolution was most likely in: Europe. poor countries. countries in which the superstructure had less power. countries with an underdeveloped bourgeoisie.Correct! countries where capitalism was most advanced.Question 71 / 1 ptsWhich of the following statements about communism in China under Mao is accurate?Mao rejected the broad political structure and institutions of the Soviet Communist regime and developed uniquely Chinese ones based on Confucian philosophy.Correct!Mao sought to destroy the power of the party-state in order to expand the Communist regime.Mao’s strategy for cultural and economic advancement proved to be far less cruel and resulted in much less loss of life than Stalin’s.Mao sought to end the Cultural Revolution that began under the previous capitalist regime.Mao argued, like Marx, that communist revolutions could only be successful in countries of advanced capitalist practice.Question 81 / 1 ptsHow have current governments in Russia and China responded to growing nationalism in their countries?They have tolerated nationalist sentiment without taking overt action.They have liberalized laws that restrict religious freedom and cultural expression.They have outlawed traditional means of expressing nationalism, including public celebrations.Correct!They have promoted nationalism as a means of maintaining legitimacy.They have sought to emphasize ethnic multiculturalism to reduce nationalism.Question 91 / 1 ptsWhich of the following has served as a major source of attraction for followers of communism?Correct! the promise of economic equality the promise of the separation of powers the promise of individual wealth the promise of environmental justice the promise of religious freedomQuestion 101 / 1 ptsWhich of the following statements about gender and LGBT rights and equality in former communist or eastern European countries is accurate?Correct!While some Central European states allow for same-sex partnerships, discrimination against the LGBT community has actually grown in Russia and Central Asia.Gender inequality is growing in most Eastern European states as a result of postcommunist privatization and the high levels of unemployment that have resulted.Unlike their approach to religion, communist countries considered gender and sexual identity to be compatible with communist ideology and offered no discrimination; that tolerance has continued in transitions from communism.Postcommunist countries perform worse on the United Nation’s Gender Inequality Index than advanced democracies around the world.Postcommunist regimes in Russia and Central Asia often attempt to court favor with the LGBT community as a means of nationalistic opposition to the West.Question 111 / 1 ptsWhich of the following statements about the privatization and marketization of countries transitioning from communism is accurate?Many companies were uncompetitive in the international system, but large industrial firms seemed to be best at surviving privatization.Most postcommunist countries agreed that privatization should occur and be allowed to complete its course before marketization was attempted.Postcommunist countries almost universally sought to privatize by distributing firms’ shares to the public as a whole.Those advocating shock therapy wanted to minimize the short-term social disruptions of marketization.Correct!Inflation and hyperinflation were fears of those that advocated a gradual approach to marketization.Question 121 / 1 ptsWhich of the following represented the chief executive position in a communist country based on the Soviet model? prime ministerCorrect! general secretary legislature president PolitburoQuestion 131 / 1 ptsWhich of the following is an accurate description of some component of communist government in the Soviet Union?The status of communist leaders was downplayed so as to prevent veneration of individuals above any other citizens.The only truly democratic process that occurred within the state happened during the party congress that was held every few years.Correct!Some unions were allowed to operate outside of the state, though