Question 11 / 1 ptsNihilism is in large part a belief that all institutions and values: should focus more on environmental issues. are a gift from God. are equally valid. should embrace pacifism. are essentially meaningless.Question 21 / 1 ptsIndividual-focused studies of terrorism, noting in part the emphasis on community and purity of cause, have drawn comparisons between terrorist groups and: religious cults. sports teams. political campaigns. folk customs. state bureaucracies.Question 31 / 1 ptsWhich of the following best represents the relationship between fundamentalism and political violence?Extreme forms of fundamentalism may use violence, but it is a mistake to associate fundamentalism directly with violence.Fundamentalists that seek change in the political status quo almost always resort to violence.Fundamentalists tend to use guerrilla warfare directed against the state instead of terrorist violence against civilians.Fundamentalists tend to target civilians instead of state institutions when using violence.Political ideologies can be categorized as fundamentalist more easily than as religious groups.Question 41 / 1 ptsIt has been argued that the 1979 Iranian Revolution and the 2011 Egyptian Revolution are examples of which model of revolution? relative deprivation model imperial trigger model Islamist rebellion model incipient mobilization model religious-social modelQuestion 51 / 1 ptsWhich of the following statements about the relationships between regime type, terrorism and revolution is accurate?Regime type has no observable correlation to level of terrorism; however, democratic regimes seem less prone to revolution.Terrorism is most common under authoritarian regimes, but revolution occurs equally across different regime types.The level of revolution and terrorism do not correlate with regime type.Both revolution and terrorism are less likely to arise under democratic regimes.Terrorism is more likely to occur under regimes with strong ideological leanings, but the incidence of revolution is not influenced by ideology.Question 61 / 1 ptsWhich of the following statements about the concept of “cosmic war” is accurate?It is sometimes bound up with religious belief but is often espoused by secular terrorist groups. It is often bound up with political conspiracy theories. Ethnicity is a core component of cosmic war.It largely rejects concepts of good and evil in favor of “believers” and “nonbelievers.”It represents religious fundamentalists’ end goal of bringing about apocalypse.Question 71 / 1 ptsIn the third phase of their evolution, such as in the work of Theda Skocpol, studies of revolutions have: shifted their emphasis to the importance of elite planning. shifted their emphasis from the public to the state.shifted their emphasis to the role of the army in defending the state.shifted to an emphasis on biological explanations for why people rebel.shifted from a more theoretical approach to becoming largely descriptive.Question 81 / 1 ptsPolitical violence is defined as:violence conducted by the state that is politically motivated.violence conducted against civilians for political purposes.violence outside of state control that is politically motivated. violence between military forces. violence conducted by one state against another.Question 91 / 1 ptsWar crimes and human rights abuses can be defined as:the use of violence by nonstate actors against civilians in order to achieve a political goal.the use of violence by states against civilians in order to achieve a political goal.the use of violence by civilians against states in order to achieve a political goal.the use of violence by nonstate actors against states in order to achieve a political goal. any form of political violence in which civilians die.Question 101 / 1 ptsIn which of the following ways must the study of terrorism necessarily differ from the study of revolutions? There is less concentration on individual actors.Strategic outcomes are focused on more than tactical components. There is greater focus on institutional causes. There is less focus on outcomes. Ideational explanations are less emphasized.Question 111 / 1 ptsWhich of the following is widely believed to involve (or have involved) state-sponsored terrorism? the 1979 Iranian Revolution revolution in Eastern Europe in 1989 fighting over the Indian province of Kashmir the 2011 Egyptian uprising the French RevolutionQuestion 121 / 1 ptsThe modern concepts of revolution and terrorism can be first traced back to which important modern event? Russian Revolution American Revolution French Revolution English Revolution Iranian RevolutionQuestion 131 / 1 ptsThe statement “one man’s terrorist is another man’s freedom fighter”:seeks to demonstrate the mutability of political science terminology depending on context.demonstrates that political scientists must consider multiple points of view when studying real-world cases.is often used to demonstrate cultural differences in the application of political science.runs against a core purpose of political science, which is to define terms objectively.demonstrates the futility in attempting to define politically charged terms.Question 141 / 1 ptsGuerrilla war can be defined as:the use of any kind of political violence by states or civilians.the use of asymmetric violence by civilians against states in order to achieve a political goal.the use of violence by nonstate actors who accept the traditional rules of war and target the state in order to achieve a political goal.the use of violence by nonstate actors who reject traditional rules of war and target civilians in order to achieve a political goal.the use of traditional violence by states against civilians in order to achieve a political goal.Question 151 / 1 ptsStudies of the relationship between economic conditions and terrorism find that: terrorists almost always come from poor families.terrorists have almost always grown up with limited access to health care.terrorists almost always come from the poorest countries in the world.there is not a strong correlation between economic deprivation and terrorism. terrorists almost always come from the working class.Question 161 / 1 ptsIn which of the following ways do institutional explanations of political violence differ from ideational explanations? They tend to be less deterministic. They tend to be less well supported by research. They tend to