Newspapers Part II Modern Newspapering The Press in America o 1850 1900 Expansion Frontier Press Railroad expanding Telegraph lines Advertising Advocating community POSSIBLE EXAM QUESTION o What did not play a role in the development of the expansion pioneer press The development of muckraking Yellow Journalism Era 1880s 1920s o Joseph Pulitzer New York World 1883 St Louis Post Dispatch 1878 New Journalism Crusades and sensationalism Pulitzer Prize o William Randolph Hearst New York Journal o Contradictory Characteristics Sensationalism Investigative reporting watchdog o Nellie Bly Real Name Elizabeth Cochrane Stunt girl for Pulitzer s New York World Exposed conditions in insane asylum o The Yellow Kid Hogan s Alley Yellow ink Hearst hires the Hogan s Alley artist before copyright Pulitzer finds another artist who mimics the same comic Symbol of sensational journalism o Leaving Yellow Behind New York Times Competed with yellows Strategy credibility not sensationalism Targeted rich at first Dropped price to have bigger audience Modern Newspapers Era 1930 1980s o 1880 973 dailies o 1920 2 042 dailies o Major metropolitans o Small town dallies o Suburban weeklies o Underground press o Ethnic foreign press Newspaper Consolidation o Three Causes multi platform press era 1990s present o Loss of ad revenue due to competition can t charge as much for online ads o Rising production costs o Economic conditions Great Depression 1930s Recessions Competition Since 1920s o From Radio Drew away readers Dependence on quick news Newspaper ad revenues dropped 1 3 1920 1950 Competition from TV Online Sources Continues o Leaves breaking news to TV Online Newspapers o Good 2 o Bad 3 Low production cost Worldwide audience Multi platforms text audio video links commentary Advertisers wont pay as much for digital People don t want to pay for content