Fcs 101 1st edition Final Exam Study Guide Be able to answer the following questions Quiz 2 Chapter 1 1 Currently the accepted view of development is that it is An ongoing process throughout adulthood 2 Human development is the field of study devoted to throughout the lifespan Change and Constancy 3 The lifespan perspective on development is Influenced by multiple forces multi directional multi dimensional and plastic All of the above 4 Which of the following is NOT an example of history graded influence on development Menopause 5 With the 1877 publication of Biographical Sketch of an Infant established a scientific basis for studying children Charles Darwin 6 Which thinker suggested that children are innately good Jean Jacques Rousseau 7 Freud s theories have been criticized for Relying on contacts rather than observing children directly 8 The zone of development was Vygotsky s term for the range of skills that a child can carry out only when they have the help of a more skilled person Proximal 9 Ethology suggests that behavior is a result of Innate behaviors 10 What is the most important reason for having ethical guidelines for how research should be conducted in psychology Because these guidelines protect the welfare of the research participants 11 Extra Credit In the study of human development there are 3 main controversies Name one and describe the 2 sides of the issue HINT The class activity related to one of the three Nature vs Nurture Quiz 3 Chapter 1 2 1 The information processing perspective uses the as a metaphor for explaining how people s memory and problem solving work Computer 2 A researcher has found that the more hours students spend partying the lower their exam scores tend to be This represents A negative correlation 3 Genetics influence Physical traits intelligence psychological problems 4 Carriers of certain genetic characteristics can pass that characteristic on only if The other parent has a recessive gene for the same characteristic 5 A zygote that divides into two cells that separate results in Monozygotic twins 6 Which of the following is true regarding parents and their children and siblings They share about 50 of genetic material 7 HIV AIDS is Transmitted through breast milk or during vaginal delivery more than during pregnancy 8 The primary purpose of genetic counseling is to Assist would be parents in making procreation decisions 9 During menstruation The unfertilized egg is discharged 10 The placenta Acts as a filter that permits oxygen and nutrients to reach the embryo from the mother 11 Extra Credit During which stage of prenatal development is the unborn child fetus most susceptible to teratogens Explain why During weeks 3 8 because the baby is most susceptible during the embryotic stage Quiz 4 Chapter 3 1 A woman is considered ready to deliver When the cervix is effaced and dilated to 10 centimeters 2 Which of the following is an argument that some make in favor of using midwives instead of traditional medicine for their birthing experience Modern medicine is less personal of an experience 3 Why would a woman have an episiotomy during childbirth To widen the vaginal opening 4 The term neonate refers to The infant the first month after birth 5 A baby is considered premature If birth occurs at or before 37 weeks of gestation 6 Which of the following children is most likely to show the greatest cognitive deficits and developmental delays A child weighing less than 3 3 pounds 7 Does early maternal contact soon after birth influence bonding Researchers now view the hours after birth as just one element in a complex bonding process 8 Newborns show preference for which of the following Sounds of speech they have heard before and their mother s voice 9 Nicole recently had her first child Afterwards she felt somewhat depressed for about 10 days after which she felt like her old self again Which of the following is true Nicole likely had the baby blues 10 Folami has decorated her newborn baby s room in bright colors and painted colorful animals on the ceiling so that the baby will have something to look at when she is in her crib What should Folami know about her baby s sensory abilities The baby won t notice the animals because she can only see objects about a foot away from her face 11 Extra Credit What is SIDS What risk factors are associated with SIDS Sudden Infant Death Syndrome males premature and low birthrate babies are more at risk to suffer from SIDS Also babies of teen moms or babies that spend time around second hand smoke are at a higher risk To reduce the risk of SIDS one should put their baby on its back to sleep rather than on its stomach Quiz 5 Chapters 4 5 1 The most dramatic gains in height and weight occur During prenatal development 2 Why is the head disproportionately large during infancy and childhood Because the brain is essential for all other growth 3 Kiley a 5 month old infant refuses to eat and has not gained any weight in 2 months Kiley May suffer from failure to thrive syndrome 4 James is 2 months old According to the principle of cephalocaudal development of the following behaviors which can he do well Hold his head up 5 A child is holding a toy clumsily using only his fingers and palm This is an example of Ulnar grasp 6 The greatest gains in visual acuity occur From birth to 6 months of age 7 Johnny is 4 months old and his older brother Gus is playing with him Gus holds up a bright red ball for Johnny to look at but after a couple of minutes Johnny stops looking and looks away when his brother attempts to capture his attention again with the ball Johnny has Habituated the ball 8 Dylan picks up an object he has not seen before He immediately puts it in his mouth Dylan s behavior is representative of which stage of cognitive development Sensorimotor stage 9 D C has learned that his ball is called a toy When he sees a round light bulb he calls it a toy This is an example of Assimilation 10 Why might newborns possess an imitation reflex It contributes to caregiver infant bonding it helps insure the survival of the newborn and it may be due to mirror neurons in the human brain 11 EXTRA CREDIT Describe the Core Knowledge perspective List and describe some of the suggested domains This is the belief that we are born with innate special purpose knowledge systems This is a naturist theory and it states that we are genetically pre wired to learn There are 4 areas of the pre wiring Language Psychological connection for relationships