Biob 110cs 1st Edition Exam 4 Study Guide Study Guide for Midterm 4 Lecture 20 1 many societies believed in this all creatures are the result of God and his plans 2 generation medieval and later scientists believed that creatures would arise randomly 3 Charles 1860s he was a geologist and found that small changes over time do have a lasting and profound effect 4 Factors were P or p 5 Each offspring received one factor form each 6 Factor one of several possible forms of a gene 7 Trait phenotype form of a trait Lecture 21 8 Meiosis is a process 9 The haploid 1N gametes and sperm are created 10 Independent occurs because the alleles are randomly assorted during gamete production 11 from a heterozygous parent could receive either allele 12 Genetic variation or is when new gene combinations are made in the offspring because the chromosomes randomly assort into gametes 13 over is another way of genetic recombination 14 The phenotype is controlled by the 15 Functional enzymes are the allele 16 enzymes are the recessive allele 17 The is controlled by environment 18 Gene expression can be affected by different environmental factors such as and pathogen attacks 19 Incomplete dominance the heterozygote has an phenotype 20 Polygenic may traits are controlled by many genes that interact 21 More than half of plant species have more than 2 sets of polyploid 22 Wheat has 3 sets and is a Lecture 22 23 Crown caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens 24 A selectable gene created resistance to an antibiotic 25 Gold is doesn t react nontoxic and very dense True or False about Roudup Ready Crops 26 Roundup is a herbicide that kills all plants 27 Speeds up an enzyme that exists only in plants and bacteria 28 Stays in the soil or affect groundwater 29 Soybeans corn and other crops have been implemented with a gene that is roundup resistant True or False about GM Crops 30 Food is expensive to produce 31 Simpler production scheme for farmers 32 Sustainable efficient use of farmland 33 Does not react to stress conditions well 34 Reduces food shortages 35 Makes more expensive pharmaceuticals 36 Encourages dependency on chemicals 37 Effects on human health are known 38 Biotech companies could gain a monopoly anti big business Lecture 23 39 Bacillus thuringiensis a soil bacterium that makes a protein that is to some insects 40 genes are in cotton corn and potato to be resistant to insects because it makes the Bt protein 41 Different can change the levels of insect resistant 42 toxicity x exposure 43 estimated from LD50 44 calculated from field studies 45 GRAS generally recognized as 46 LD50 is the lethal dose required to kill of a population of mice or rats 47 The larger the Lethal Dose number the it is Lecutre 24 48 of the Earth is land 49 of the land on earth is able to be cultivated 50 Soil is made of minerals living organisms water and air 51 The Gallatin Valley has silt soil 52 The ideal soil is 40 40 20 sand silt and 53 Nitrogen content aids in decomposition 54 Phosphorous Induces and seed set 55 Disease resistance Are these factors of compost or fertilizer 56 Improves tilth 57 Corrects the balance of the soil 58 Efficient and economical 59 Not good for larger scale needs 60 Nutrients are available immediately 61 Low nutrient levels Lecture 25 62 All irrigation water contains some 63 of crops are affected by salinity 64 More than 80 million acres of land in Intermountain west is susceptible to problems 65 Saline Seeps are formed when excess water runs off over a large salt deposit into lower ground causing a high salinity in the area To prevent saline seeps 66 Rotate crops and use 67 Locate the area where a lot of the is coming from 68 Plant species that are tolerant to saline in a saltbrush