Biob 110cs 1st Edition Lecture 9 Current lecture Prokaryotes and Plant Interactions Prokaryotes are in the bacteria and Archaea domain Many would think that viruses would be included with bacteria however viruses are not alive Viruses consist of a single strand of nucleic acid DNA or RNA and are surrounded by a protein coat They have only 10 100 genes are trick the host cell into making millions of copies of the virus s DNA Prokaryotes Do not have a nucleus Are about 1 micron in diameter Many have a flagellum that is used to move around Some use Chemotaxis movement towards a stimulus such as food Reproduce by binary fission simple division and this is fast and efficient Bacteria can exchange DNA using conjugation use a tube to replicate plasmid Plasmids extrachromosomal circular DNA that are highly promiscuous Carry the gene for resistance to antibiotics and toxin production In the lab they are used as shuttle vectors to transfer DNA E Coli Is a normal habitant of the human intestines Not all E Coli are bad only ones strain causes deadly food poisoning These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute When we do have the 0157 H7 strain our body recognizes it as being dead and causes us to vomit It is a gram negative bacterium stains red ish purple and has 2 plasma membranes Gram staining a bacterial identification test Thermophiles live in extremely hot environments Have to deal with high temperatures high pressure and extreme pH values as well as little or no oxygen Have specialized mechanisms to protect membranes DNA and enzymes from heat Chaperonins an enzyme protect thermophiles from heat damage Correct folding is essential for enzyme function Taq DNA polymerase is heat stable and is also used in detergents and industrial uses
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