Psych 344 1st Edition Lecture 14 Outline of Last Lecture II. Hypothesis (cont.)III. Experimental DesignIV. Sampling Outline of Current Lecture V. Counterbalancing (cont.)VI. Reliability/ValidityVII. Survey MethodsCurrent LectureCounterbalancing- Randomized Blocks – Repeated presentation of random order1. Ex. Block 1: [random set of #s] Block 2: [Random set of #s in different order]Reliability and Validity- Reliability- The degree to which a measurement is consistent and reproducible 2. True score- “it exists”3. Measurement error- as little as possible- Test-retest Reliability1. Measure the same person 2 different times2. A correlation coefficient of .80 is lowest acceptable- Alternate forms reliability1. Administering 2 different forms of the same test- Internal Consistency Measures2. Split-half reliability3. Odd-even reliability4. Item-total reliability- Inter-rater reliability1. Independent assessments of the same phenomenon should yield similar results2. Two people observing the same phenomenon should come up with similar findingsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Internal Validity- The degree to which the mathematical relationship we observe between participants’ scores actually, and only, reflects the relationship between the variables of interest – no confounding variables.- External Validity (ecological validity) 1. How well does the study generalize to the real world?- Content Validity- The degree to which the measurement actually reflects the variable of interest- Construct Validity- The extent to which the measurement reflects the hypothetical construct of interest- Temporal Validity- Measurements obtained from a particular test are stable across time- Face Validity- the test is measuring what it seems to measure- Convergent Validity (ex. Criterion Validity)2. Is your measure related to other measurements designed to predict the same thing?3. Ex: GPA,SAT, and GRE4. Ex: REM and DreamingSurvey Methods- Relationship between variables1. Positive linear relationship, negative linear relationship, curvilinear relationship, no