HD 3700 1st Edition Exam 1 Study Guide Lectures 1 10 Lecture 1 January 22 The strange case of Dr Z Dr Z carved his initials into a woman s stomach after delivering her baby via C section Lawyer diagnosed him with frontal lobe disorder very vague another lawyer diagnosed it as Pick s Disease form of dementia similar to Alzheimers diagnosis only in interest of acquitting client Incident was likely a manic episode psychotic behavior unable to distinguish internal reality from external reality delusions of grandeur Societal misunderstanding Society is very ignorant of mental health issues o Blame evil instead of mental illness i e school shootings almost always result of paranoid schizophrenic break but society characterizes the shooter as evil o Even the NY Times took the diagnosis of the attorney Psychotic disorder Dr Z suffered an episode that affected his judgment and behavior His symptoms make sense o What he did was madness and yet he didn t leave random marks on his patient he left his initials it had meaning His symptoms make sense because they were associative o His thought processes were out of touch with reality psychosis and his symptoms were an expression of his emotional relationship to his patient Lecture 2 January 27 Freud s story A time of great intellectual and scientific discovery a challenge to class structure established religion culture norms but also a time of intense sexual and aggressive repression o Because moral ideas had replaced Renaissance ideas e g social norms places in society o Examples separate beds for husband and wife body was viewed as morally dirty huge underground market for porn prostitutes other illegal behavior things homosexuality The rise of the scientific method human behavior experience studied scientifically Ideas dominating the last century don t take reality at face value Current reality has a history that can be explored o Marx Darwin Helmholtz and Freud All looked at contemporary reality and gave it a backstory challenging the current dominant ideas o o o o Marx social reality governed by economic political cultural forces is an expression of evolution of society at a given moment in time Darwin plant animal life evolved through mutations survival of the fittest Helmholz forces within nature are an expression of energy Freud forces of the mind moments of consciousness are not random nor are they under our control They are expressions of preceding moments of consciousness and contribute to future moments Hysteria and the origins of psychotherapy Hysteria real physical symptoms without a physical cause untreatable patients Psychotherapy started with the bedside manner o The bedside manner led Freud to ask his patients to reflect on their illness leading them first to the onset of the symptoms then to a traumatic event symbolized by the illness He concluded that the traumas were being expressed through the symptoms rather than being expressed through consciousness As they expressed the traumas through consciousness talking about them their symptoms ceased o This led to the psychoanalytic method lying on a couch associating freely during the hour resolving symptoms discovering underlying thoughts and feelings which led to o Psychoanalytic theories to explain the phenomena Freud observed during psychoanalytic sessions Parapraxes slips of the tongue The slip is always the result of a conflict between competing ideas The intended sentence the disturbed content is replaced at the last second by the slip the disturbing content They are connected by the train of thought underlying the speaker s ideas Slips of the tongue are but one instance of an intrusion of unconscious wishes fears thoughts or feelings Forgetting a name a memory an appointment these are intrusions too Freud insists that we have a built in resistance to considering these errors as having any meaning We are unconsciously motivated to dismiss them as random errors Lecture 3 January 29 Dreams Freud s evidence for unconscious associations dreams Every dream is disguised wish fulfillment Consciousness in dreams is qualitatively different from that of waking life To find out what the dream really means have the dreamer associate 3 rules on associating to dreams o Don t worry about what the dream appears to tell us o Associate to the element of the dream without judging the associations o Keep associating until connections between the dream materials and the underlying thoughts emerge Patients often stop their associations dismiss them as irrelevant there is resistance to discovering the dream s meaning Freud says that these ideas that people try to suppress dismiss turn out to be the most important Free association works because all thoughts are connected with earlier thoughts psychic continuity a dream element often leads to a thought indirectly connected to it Lecture 4 February 3 Hamlet The first play to explore interiority of mental experience First line Who s there Who the hell are you A play about an audience that cannot make up its mind Example of the associative mind Horatio s use of the word harrowing is associating to his initial line a piece of him Dream structure and dream work Dream thoughts thoughts that occur to the dreamer during dream states o Freud thought these were always wishes Dream thoughts constitute the latent content of the dream Dream work takes the dream thoughts and expresses them in hallucinatory images composed of related thoughts to disguise and distort them dream work disguises dream thoughts which may be disturbing and might keep you awake Thus dreams are the guardians of sleep How the dream work works o Condensation compressing the latent dream thoughts in images that omit combine or reverse those meanings o Displacement a latent thought is replaced by a part of itself by an allusion to it o Transformation into visual images hallucinatory movies o Language is reversed or doubled the ambiguous meaning of primal words is exploited in dreams Freud argues that dreams rarely depict no but instead represent both sides of a wish or fear The Associative Mind Freud I associate therefore I am The self is the way your mind is associating at any given minute The human brain categorizes and relates experiences Freud treated hysteria by asking them to associate associating to a trauma led the symptoms to go away Consciousness there is more to consciousness than what we re conscious of the brain is associating in many ways at the same time competing
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