HD 3700 1st Edition Lecture 5 Outline of Last Lecture I. The opening scene of HamletII. Dream Structure and Dream Worka. How the Dream-Work WorksIII. The associative minda. Case study: Sting’s associationsOutline of Current Lecture: Erotic and Aggressive Drives, Psychosexual DevelopmentI. From dreams to hysteria to neurotic conflictII. How we evolved into humans—the erotic and aggressive drivesIII. The psycho-sexual stagesIV. Review of Freud’s ideas so far…Current LectureI. From dreams to hysteria to neurotic conflict- Freud: essential resistances to psychoanalysiso Freud thought that we are biased to value what we can see over what cannot be seen…in other words, we value that can be is measured, observed, or witnessedo He thought that we are biased against a focus on the ‘psychical life.’o In his day, psychiatry was restricted to observed phenomenon only – classification of disorders.  Psychoanalysis was meant to fill in the gap, and provide a model for understanding mental experience. - Freud: the two provocative hypotheses of psychoanalysiso The first hypothesis is that what we experience as consciousness is only a part of mental life – that there are mental processes which influence us greatly but which remain unconscious. o The second is hypothesis is that sexual impulses – broadly and narrowly defined – play an important role in nervous disorders AND that sexual energy when channeled psychologically fuels creativity, rationality, achievement, and the emergence of culture and civilization. Freud argues that pleasure is what reinforces adaptive behavior, for example, giving a dog a treat, or nursing a baby Some people learn to channel that energy (pleasure) into less directly gratifying thingsII. How we evolved into humans—the erotic and aggressive drives- Erotic drive o Drive for sex, expressed through…o Sexual intercourseo Heavy petting (making out)o Heavy flirtingo Innocent flirtingo Sexual pornographyo Hugh Grant movies etc., o Loving your best friendo Having funo Chatting o Pleasure in an idea- Aggressive driveo Expressed through…o Rape/murdero Beating someone badlyo Throwing a puncho Screaming at someoneo Giving someone the fingero Violence pornography o Action movies (Steven Seagall movies)o Contact sportso Ultimate Frisbeeo Debate o Having ambitions (can’t be ambitious without aggression, ambition is aggressive drive sublimating to a productive outcome)- The Id, Ego and Superegoo Id—pleasure principle, unconscious urges and desires Unconscious—well below the surface of awareness The basic, animal part of you is the ID which expresses the urges of the erotic and aggressive drives, seeking to discharge gathering energy through pleasurable acts (physical or mental). It obeys “thepleasure principal.”o Ego—self, reality principle Conscious—ideas, thoughts, and feelings of which we are aware Preconscious—material that can easily be recalled The conscious part of you (though it has unconscious elements) is the EGO, which strives to take control of those urges, and their compelling fantasies and daydreams, and act in the world according to “the reality principal.”o Superego Ego ideal Moral guardian The mind internalizes the values of your family and your surrounding cultures, and these values form your SUPER EGO.  Your EGO struggles to maintain control of its urges and wishes for gratification in accordance to the standards of the SUPER EGO which can be quite permissive (see Greek Life) or quite strict (see Convents & Monasteries.)o Large part of mental experience that we have is being filtered out of our consciousnesso Development: the ego develops throughout childhood A child raised in an impoverished/deprived environment often grows into a teenager that is impulsive/violent Freud thought that we must civilize every child—teach them to delay gratification and to sublimate their drivesIII. The psycho-sexual stages - 12+ genital/adolescenceo reworking of the oedipal stageo puberty brings in adult physiological sexual capacityo sexual desires are expressed or deferred- 7-11 latency o social/cultural internalizationo erotic drive is sublimated into same-sex friendshipso aggressive drive is sublimated into competitiono children at this age can be very responsible big change at 6 years old—brain starts to prune synapses, impulses go underground while child is socialized- 5-7 oedipalo rise of the superego most controversial part of Freud’s modelo erotic drive towards opposite-sex parent—sublimated  want to marry their parento aggressive drive towards same-sex parent—sublimated o if this phase doesn’t go well, it often leads to problems in romantic relationships later on having affairs with someone who is married is replaying this oedipal complex- 3-5 phallico exhibitionism—a power stageo erotic drive expression through masturbation o aggressive drive expressed through omnipotenceo believe they can do anything- 2-3 analo rise of the egoo erotic drive sublimated through toilet trainingo delay gratification, obey authority o children that refuse anal retention – children that hold it in- 0-2 oralo pleasure principalo erotic drive is gratified through nursing/cuddling etc.o mouth is an erogenous zone—pleasure IV. Review of Freud’s ideas so far…- All of our associations are connected to previous associations – there are no random thoughts, no wiping the disk. “Free associations” is a misnomer because … associations are never free, they’re always determined. - This is called “psychic continuity.”- Conscious thought is only one layer of consciousness – competing thoughts, feelings wishes and fears make themselves known through slips, omissions and dreams.- Those layers of unconscious material are kept unconscious by the mind which puts up resistance to conscious understanding.- To make those other sets of thoughts, feelings, wishes and fears conscious, “simply” associate to the slips or dreams (not so simple).- Meanwhile, each child must be “civilized” – taught to sublimate their erotic and aggressive impulses – just as the human species had to develop civilization to survive and, ultimately,