Biology 203 1st Edition Lecture 11 Outline of Last Lecture I About Land Plants II How did land plants adapt to live on land III Hepaticophyta IV Vascular tissues are the next major adaptation Outline of Current Lecture I Seeds and Pollen II Gymnosperms III Anthophyta IV What are Animals Current Lecture I II III Seeds and Pollen a Key innovations for the seed plants b Improved reproduction and survival of the next generation i Pollen allows sperm to move further than if they have to swim ii A seed a very small young plant a food source and a seed coat all in one iii Seeds give the young plant an advantage as it starts to grow Gymnosperms a Not just pine trees b Gymnosperm seeds grow naked within cones Anthophyta a Unique in producing flowers and fruits b Surrounding the young seed with a flower protects it and enhances pollination c Following pollination part of the flower develops into a fruit containing the seeds d Aids seed dispersion e Monocots i One cotyledon seed leaves of the small plant inside the seed ii Floral parts in 3 s iii Leaf veins parallel iv No true woody growth v Grasses orchids palms lilies onions daffodils iris and philodendron f Eucicots These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute i ii iii iv v IV Two cotyledons Floral parts in 4 or 5 s Leaf veins are netlike True secondary growth Most of the non grass and non conifer plants you are familiar with are eudicots What are animals a Animals are eukaryotic multicellular heterotrophic motile at some stage and lack structural cell walls b Animal Diversity i Animals are multicellular heterotrophs without structural cell walls ii Inhabit virtually every conceivable habitat iii Locomotion is a distinctive characteristic some are sessile iv Up to approximately 40 phyla c Cells are often flexible i Held together by collagen ii Have intercellular junctions d Diverse in form i Estimated 10 million species ii 99 of all animals are invertebrates iii Only 42 500 species are vertebrates and most of those are fish e Diverse in habitat i Marine freshwater terrestrial aerial ii Can also have hosts as habitats parasites f Diverse reproductive strategies allow exploitation of many habitats All animals i Gametes n formed by meiosis ii Fuse almost immediately to form diploid zygote 2n iii Gametes do not go through mitosis iv No alternation of generations v Some have sexual reproduction others asexual Sometimes they have both g Most animals have locomotion i Swimming walking flying gliding slithering rolling ii Possible because of evolution of a Muscles b Neurons iii The only terrestrial vertebrate group never to have evolved flight is amphibians
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