Phil 148a 1st Edition Exam 1 Study Guide Lectures 1 7 Lecture 1 Essential Questions 1 What is the difference between ethics morality a Ethics individual character b Moral social expectations 2 Between ethics and politics 3 Ethics and the law a Ethics are social expectations b Laws are rules that are backed by sanctions Lecture 2 Five Arguments for why the embryo has moral status from the moment of conception 1 2 3 4 Embryos are members of the human species Embryos are identical with later person There is a continuous development between embryos and persons Embryos are potential persons a Buckle 5 Embryos have futures like ours a Marquis Lecture 3 Two arguments for why moral status begins later in embryo or fetus s development 1 Interest View Steinbock a Interests are necessary for moral status b Needs are far different from interests 2 Self consciousness Requirement Tooley a Must be aware of own life in order to obtain moral status Lecture 4 Judith Jarvis Thomson s Defense Thomson is not concerned if the embryo is a person from the moment of conception Concentrates on whether or not women have an obligation to assist the embryo so that it can develop Lecture 5 Stem Cell Research Stem cell research promises hitherto unknown cures to degenerative diseases of various kinds It also requires the destruction of embryos Harris The principle of waste avoidance o It is permissible to use tissue or cells that would otherwise be waster The consistency requirement o A lot of legislation looks at abortion and stem cell research differently Lecture 6 Genetic Selection Is it a benefit or is it a disability Deafness Chadwick Levitt Should parents make the decisions for their children Procreative autonomy sex selection Savulescu Does this use children as a mere means goes against Kant King Lecture 7 Genetic Enhancement Moral obligation to enhance human beings Sauvulescu If you do not take advantage to better your children you are responsible for their failures Traditional shape of the body is common heritage changing the body harms social systems Ludwig