PSY 211 1st Edition Lecture 2Outline of Current Lecture I. Cognitive PsychologyII. RepresentationsIII. Psychological Research MethodsCurrent LectureWhat is Cognitive Psychology?- The set of mental processes by which information is perceived, stored, manipulates, and used.- Perception of attention, memory, knowledge, language, and thinking (judgment and decision making). - Mental representations.Representations: is a physical state that stands for something.Examples: words, photographs, music, hand gestures.Mental representations is a physical state in the brain that stands for things in the worldExamples: memory traces, words in our “mental lexicon” (minds dictionary), concepts, visual images,Representations don’t do anything unless they are processed or interrupted.Processes are the transformations of an input into an output.Mental Processes Ex: visual search, short-term memory, selective attention, executive functions (planning, inhibition, etc.)Embodied Cognition: - Syntax is how people process language and words.- Semantics is the meaning of language and words.Psychological Research MethodsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.1. Observation/Descriptive Research is systematic and objective recording of behavior2. Correlation Research is examining relation between one or more variables3. Experimental Research is manipulating variables in order to determine their causal influence on other variables.4. Quasi-Experimental Research is an experiment where some variables cannot be fully controlled or manipulated. (Ex. age or sex)Variables is anything that can be controlled- Independent Variables-the variable that is manipulated- Dependent Variables- the variable that is measured.Reaction time (RT) is measured in milliseconds. Processing Stages and Donder’s Subtraction Method: Detection, Categorization, Response Selection, and Responding. However, if it is a simple task or question it only uses detection and responding and a complex orchoice task is all of those. Donder’s subtraction method works by taking the choice or complex reaction time and subtracting it by the simple reaction