FHCE 3300 1st Edition Lecture 6 Outline of Last Lecture I. Housing Choice ModelII. Housing NormsA. TenureB. SpaceC. StructureD. QualityE. ExpenditureF. Neighborhood/locationOutline of Current Lecture I. Normative Influences on Residential MobilityII. Models of Residential MobilityA. Housing Adjustment TheoryB. Family Life CycleC. Housing LadderD. Housing CareerCurrent LectureI. Normative Influences on Residential Mobility- Residential mobility can be viewed as: A household process in which mobility is one of the means of adjusting tochanging household needs- Housing needs are broadly based on cultural norms- Residential mobility is a response to housing norm deficits- Households may not be able to overcome constraints These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Why do people move? According to U.S. Census Bureau: 1) Housing-relate (Moves into homeownership, better housing, better neighborhood, cheaper housing)2) Family-related (Change in marital status, form own household, adding children)3) Other (Health, college, etc.)II. Models of Residential Mobility- Housing Adjustment Theory- Family Life Cycle- Housing Ladder- Housing CareerA. Housing Adjustment Theory- Based on 6 housing norms: Tenure, structure, space, quality, expenditure, neighborhood- Based on following assumptions about housing norms in U.S. Widely agreed upon Specific and detailed Important in the sense that sanctions, largely in the form of withdrawal of respect and loss of self-respect, are widely applied and deeply felt by families- Developed by Morris & Winter Household characteristics create normative deficits Deficits lead to low satisfaction levels  Leads to high propensity to move, residential mobility- When families face a “normative deficit” with their housing, can do 1 of 3 things: Move Adapt the home (remodeling, finish a basement, changing the way space is used) Adapt their behavior or attitudeNormative housing deficits do not always result in dissatisfaction. Personal characteristics matterPossible ways in which norms cannot be realized: Financial resources (wealth, income), demand/supply of housing, # of kids/size of family, discrimination, value of other thingsB. Family Life Cycle- Based on idea that changes in household size, composition, and housing preferences are related to different stages in nuclear family formation  Marriage Expansion (Birth of children) Contraction (Maturation of children) Dissolution (Death of spouse)- When families transition to a new stage of life, they may decide tomove to achieve a better fit- Developed in 1950s, based on work by Peter Rossi - Linear approachC. Housing Ladder - Based on concept that people move up “rungs” of the housing ladder as they acquire more resources to do so- Relies on characteristics of the household to explain and predict housing consumption- Rewards of homeownership and the value of home are so strong that people will inevitably want to move up- People will only move down the housing ladder if forced to do so- Low and moderate-income renters move to better rental homes- Better off renters become first time homebuyers- Homeowners trade up as they acquire more resourcesWhat assumptions are made? - We all agree on what makes for better housing- People have equal opportunities in the housing market- Linear- Doesn’t always hold up when we look at dataD. Housing Career- Trajectories and transitions- Longer view study of residential mobility patterns- Sequences of housing occupied over time- Life circumstances, employment - Looks at residential mobility within the context of other life circumstances- Moves people make throughout life- Moves do not have a prescribed direction—people make upward, downward and lateral moves in the housing market- People move for reasons other than housing dissatisfaction Housing careers and the life cycle- Life-span development: Change is ongoing, humans develop throughout their lives- Agency: People make choices and take action within the context of history, circumstance, opportunities and constraints- Time and place: Lives are influenced by when and where people live Geographic location, culture, meaning and value- Timing: Timing of events and transitions; transitions and trajectories- Linked lives: Our lives are influenced by