EBIO 3400 1st Edition Lecture 1Outline of Current LectureI. Welcome to MicrobiologyOutline of Current Lecture II. IntroductionA. SyllabusB. About Professor III. Intro to Microbiology and microorganisms IV. The different biological diversity on earth V. Intro to Archea and Fungi and our microbial world Current LectureI. What is Microbiology?a. The study of organisms that require a microscope to see aka things you can’t see with the naked eyeII. What are microbes/macrobes? a. United by the common characteristic that they are smallb. Encompasses an amazing amount of morphological, physiological, andgenetic diversityKey point: What we will focus on in this class are Viruses, archaea, bacteria, and fungi III. Words to memorizea. Bakterion “small staff”b. Fungus “mushroom” c. Virus “poison, a potent juice” IV. Type of virusesa. Phage, Influenza A, Tobacco Mosaic i. Viral pathogens: Ebola, HIV, smallpox I. The different biological diversity on earth a. Bacteriab. Archaeac. Eucarya which includes fungi, animals and humansThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Key Point: we will focus mostly on bacteria since they are the most abundant microbes and cause the most human diseases **Diversity of physiologies, generation times, pathogen vs. beneficial, wherever you look you will find bacteria (e.g. air in this room)II. Archaea(not discovered until 1977)a. Examples include: Thermoplasma Acidophilum and Halobacterium spp.b. Thermoplasma optimum temperature for growth = 85degC, grows at pH of 1, about the same pH as sulfuric acidIII. Fungia. One of the largest groups of Eucarya and many fungi have macroscopic as well as microscopic stages in their life cycles b. Examples include: Amanita Muscaria, Alrernaria Alternata, Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Epidermophyton Floccosumc. Epidermophyton causes jock itch, ringworm, athlete’s foot, infections of nail bedi. Microscopic Filamentous Fungus: - Penicillium Chrysogenum: produces the antibiotic penicillin which are asexualspores (conidia) of the fungus - Spores are circular in shape and Hyphae are more stem-likeii. Microscopic yeast forms- The fungus Saccharomyces Cerevisiae aka brewers yeast which also produce asexual reproduction IV. How small is “mirco?” Micrometer- I millionth of a meter (10-6 meters)Nanometer (nm) - 1 billionth of a meter (10-9 meters) Note:Bacteria and Archaea are usually several micrometers in diameter.Fungi are 5 - 10+ micrometers in diameterV. Some examples of microbes and their relative sizea. Parvovirus is 18 nm in diameter – 1000 times smaller than E. Colib. E. Coli- 4 microns in diameter c. Nanobacteria= 50 nm in diameter- Bacteria as large as a fruit fly headi. How much does a bacterium weigh? - 1 Pg, 10-12 gVI. Facts about microbial speciesa. Only ~ 1,400 known species of microbial human pathogens b. Total number of bacterial species in a gram of soil or a liter of seawater? >10,000c. Worldwide 1/3 of deaths from infectiond. Globally, >16 million deaths per year due to infectious diseasese. While in lecture, >2400 people have died of infectious
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