I. Introduction: Culturea. Culture in Actionb. Importancec. American cultureII. DefinitionIII. Material and Nonmaterial Culturea. Materialb. Nonmaterial i. Beliefsii. Valuesiii. Norms 1. morès2. folkwaysIV. Cultural Transmissiona. Socialization b. Languagei. Sapir-Whorf hypothesis (aka “linguistic relativityhypothesis”)ii. Semiotics: the analysis of nonverbal cultural meaningsV. Cultural Diversitya. Subcultureb. Counterculture VI. Geographic & Historical ForcesGeographic-international culture; English dominates the world-globalization/dominance of western cultureHistorical-VII. Premodern Societies - based on studies of Lenski-asked how societies meet their basic needsa. Hunters and Gatherers- through most of the human experience (98%), we lived as hunter-gatherers- in our biology/psychology we are built to exist like hunter gatherers.b. Pastoral and Horticultural -- labor of the land, growing of crops- rearing of animals- birth of agriculturec. Agrarian (Civilization)- birth of civilization and society- statuses of people multiply- non-animal labor- gives birth to industrial ageVIII. Societies in the Modern Worlda. Industrially Developed- Economy /Industry is the main institutionb. Developing- Did not come to many parts of the world IX. Home Culture as Standarda. Ethnocentrism- judging other cultures by the standards of your ownb. Cultural relativism- judging a culture by that culture’sstandardsc. Cultural Diffusion: there is a great deal of culture thatis borrowed from other culturesX. Summary and Implicationsculture is socializationwestern campitalism has formed the basis of a global
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