Slide 1IntroductionAbout MeAbout the Authors: Eric PaulosAbout the Authors: Elizabeth GoodmanIntel Research BerkeleyFamiliar StrangersScenario 1Scenario 2HistoryOther FindingsIntel Research GoalsProcedure 1 – Milgram RevisitedResults 1Procedure 2 – Urban Walking TourProcedure 2Procedure 2 ResultsWhere does this lead?Jabberwocky ConceptDigital ScentsFamiliar StrangersTurfHW DesignInterfaceMote InterfaceCell Phone InterfaceCell Phone InterfaceCell Phone InterfaceClosing RemarksFurther ResearchMy ThoughtsSourcesT19 – THE FAMILIAR STRANGERJames DotyEEL6788University of Central Florida24 Feb 2010IntroductionDo you see the same people, day after day, but you never say hello?Have you ever concocted a story or name for someone you see regularly?What makes you comfortable in a new situation?About MeBS Computer EngineeringPurdue University, May 2006Software EngineerHarris Corporation, Palm Bay, FLMS Computer Engineering studentUniversity of Central FloridaAbout the Authors: Eric PaulosCurrently a Professor at Carnegie Mellon UniversityHuman-Computer InteractionSecondary appt. with Robotics InstituteAdjunct faculty with Entertainment Technology CenterPhD. In Electrical Engineering from UC BerkeleyDeveloped some of the first internet tele-operated robotsFormerly a Senior Research Scientist at Intel Research in Berkeley, CAAbout the Authors: Elizabeth GoodmanMost recently, a visiting researcher at Microsoft ResearchShe has written articles for magazines such as Wired, Forbes, and SalonInterests are varied and include urban green space design, personal media, health technology, and other urban technology studiesFormer Professor at UC BerkeleySchool of InformationIntel Research BerkeleyUrban Atmospheres“… the very essence of person, place, and community are being redefined by personal wireless digital tools that transcend traditional physical constraints of time and space.”Other projects include mobile environmental research, place-based personal ringtones, and quantifying your relationship with a city (among other things)Familiar StrangersPeople seen regularly in a location but never spoken toThey often shape our view of a placeThey play a key role in our day-to-day social interactionsFormal definition:Must be observed repeatedlyMust have no real interactionScenario 1“A woman who has recently graduated from college has moved to a new city and doesn’t feel at home. The display on her familiarity device reinforces her growing sense of integration within her new neighborhood, and reassures her that familiar people are nearby, even if she does not recognize their faces. When she explores unfamiliar neighborhoods in the larger city, she is occasionally surprised to discover how many people around her she has encountered before.”Scenario 2“In the midst of a frustrating day, an urban professional decides that he doesn’t want to eat lunch in his usual spot. After years at the same job, the large city seems more like a small town. He sees the same people every day in the same places. He wants to escape. As he walks quickly away from his work, he occasionally checks his familiarity device to see if there are any Familiar Strangers nearby. When he finds a street that the device tells him is completely unfamiliar, he chooses a restaurant. He feels as if he’s exploring new territory and though he is still surrounded by other people, he feels much less crowded than he did 15 minutes ago.”HistoryFirst identified by Stanley Milgram in 1972Stanley took photos of a subway platform during rush hour, then exactly one week later passed them out asking people who they recognizedMilgram identified that 89% of those surveyed recognized at least one person in the photoOther FindingsMilgram also recognized that some people are more recognizable than othersUnusual features help someone stand out – Milgram’s example was a girl wearing a short skirt regularly in winterIntel Research GoalsTo establish a baseline for the current state of our relationship with Familiar StrangersExpose changes to the Familiar Stranger relationship in the past 30 yearsAuthors theorize that people in constant contact with cell phones (and paying more attention to technology than surroundings) leads to a reduction in familiar strangersDiscover how familiarity affects perception of placeProcedure 1 – Milgram RevisitedLike Milgram’s subway photos, the authors took a photo of a public square in Berkeley, CA both at rush hour and at lunchThey were targeting commuters at the bus transfer station at rush hour and office workers eating lunch in the parkThey returned a week later and surveyed the population about who was recognizedResults 1Although they found less stranger familiarity than Milgram, they did find a strong recognition rate33/63 were recognized by at least one personMilgram IntelPercent recognizing at least one person89% 77.8%Average recognized4.0 3.1 3.9 at lunch2.3 at rush hourProcedure 2 – Urban Walking TourThey took 9 Bay Area residents on a walking tour through Berkeley’s Each tour was 45 minutes long and visited four distinct locations, with participants free to suggest other locationsConstitution Plaza – from study #1Berkeley Post OfficeCivic Center ParkA common inexpensive restaurantProcedure 2Tour guides were asked to rate their comfort from 1-5 and to rank their reasons:People around youPhysical characteristics (of location)Environmental attributes (weather, time)They were measuring four quantifiable factors:Amount – how many familiar peopleHistory – how familiar are peopleTurf – “my kind of place”Tribe – “my kind of people”People were also re-evaluated with a simulated “familiar stranger detector” deviceProcedure 2 ResultsComfort levels varied, more so for women than menParticipants were most comfortable at the Post Office, least at the park“People around me” was the most common factor, both positive and negativeInformation from the fictitious device was valuable in all cases, especially at the park and restaurantWhere does this lead?Jabberwocky – the familiar stranger deviceJabberwocky was guided by previous formal studies and anecdotal observationsIt captures and extends the essence of the Familiar Stranger relationshipJabberwocky ConceptSmall digital
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