Wireless Sensor Networks In-Network Relational DatabasesOverviewIntroductionSensor Database SystemTinyDB from BerkleySlide 6Cougar from CornellEfficiencyCommunication FailureReliable Data: UncertaintyReliable Data: SecurityOptimizationData Space ManagementQueriesAggregationConclusionFuture WorkReferencesWireless Sensor NetworksIn-Network Relational DatabasesJocelyn BotelloApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 2Overview• Introduction• Sensor Database System• Projects– TinyDB– Cougar• Maximum Performance– Efficiency– OptimizationApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 3Introduction• Minimization Goal: – Network Traffic – Amount of Transmitted Data• Maximization Goal:– Computing Capacity– Power • Acquire Data for Unlimited TimeApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 4Sensor Database System• Access data with no previous knowledge• Three-Layer Reference Model• Relational Model– Sensor Data: Time Series– Stored Data: RelationsApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 5TinyDB from Berkley• Query Processor• Multiple Query Concurrency• Tree RoutingApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 6TinyDB from Berkley• Event- Based Queries• Actuation Queries• Lifetime- Based Queries• Monitoring Queries• Network Health Queries• Exploratory Queries• Aggregation QueriesApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 7Cougar from Cornell• Sensors – Abstract Data Type Functions– In-Network Processing– Gateway Node• Query Proxy– Small Database ComponentApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 8Efficiency• Communication Failure• Reliable Data– Uncertainty of Data– Security of Data• Network’s Power LifeApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 9Communication Failure• Sensors Physically Dependable – Outside Factors • Keep Data Alive– Back-Up– Accessibility, AvailabilityApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 10Reliable Data: Uncertainty• Level of Accuracy Vs Cost of Computation• Desired Accuracy• Probabilistic Threshold QueryApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 11Reliable Data: Security• Network Specific– Level of Security– Access Points/Rights• Affects of Aggregation• Dynamic• Level of Security Vs Access TimeApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 12Optimization• Data Space Management• Queries• AggregationApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 13Data Space Management• Storage Nodes– Minimize Traffic & Retrieve Time • Switch Roles– Busy Region– Power LifeApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 14Queries• Independent, Dynamic• Irrelevant Factors– Power Management– Time Synchronization– Data Processing– Data Collection • Maintaining Power Life• Multiple, Nested QueriesApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 15Aggregation• Partial/Total Aggregation• Selective Data• Spatial Aggregation– Spatial Moving Average– Voroni Diagram– Triangular Irregular NetworkApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 16Conclusion• Maximum Performance–Efficiency• Reliable Data Vs Communication Failure– Optimization• Queries •Aggregation– Minimize Network Traffic– Conservation of PowerApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 17Future Work• Power Management• Data Management• Data Collection• Data Processing– Query Processing• Network DesignApril 9, 2008 EEL 6897: Prof. Boloni Botello 18References[1] P. S. Philippe Bonnet, Johannes Gehrke, “Towards sensor database systems,” ACM, vol. 1987, pp. 3–14, 2001.[2] Y. Yao and J. Gehrke, “The cougar approach to in-network query processing in sensor networks,” ACM SIGMOD Record, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 9–18, September 2002.[3] Q. Luo and H. Wu, “System design issues in sensor databases,” in Proc. ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, June 2007, pp. 1182–1185.[4] Zechinelli-Martini, Jose-Luis, and I. Elias-Morales, “Modelling and querying sensor databases,” in Proc. IEEE 8th Mexican International Conference on Current Trends in Computer Science, September 2007, pp. 138–148.[5] S. R. Madden, M. J. Franklin, J. M. Hellerstein, and W. Hong, “Tinydb: An acquisitional query procesing system for sensor networks,” ACM Transactions on Database System, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 122–173, March 2006.[6] T. Apaydin, S. Vural, and P. Sinha, “On improving data accessibility in storage based sensor networks,” in Proc. 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