Slide 1Slide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Slide 24Bodhidharma’s “Wall-Gazing” for nine years, (NPM, Taipei)Cleveland Museum of Arts,Bodhidharma Ridding on the blade of a reed to cross the Yangtze RiverLeft, by Li Yaofu, Yuan DynastyRight: by Master Liaoan Qinyu, Yuan DynastyNon-thought: Non-thought: For one’s mind to remain undefiled within For one’s mind to remain undefiled within the sensory realmsthe sensory realmsWithin one’s own thoughts, one should Within one’s own thoughts, one should always transcend the realms, one should always transcend the realms, one should not generate the mind relative to the not generate the mind relative to the realmsrealmsIf one does not think of the hundred things, If one does not think of the hundred things, then thoughts will be completely eliminatedthen thoughts will be completely eliminatedComment: scriptures teach that one should Comment: scriptures teach that one should rid oneself of sensory desire. The “non-rid oneself of sensory desire. The “non-thought” meditation helps one do that.thought” meditation helps one do that.Huineng’s ChanHuineng’s Chan“The Six Patriarch Cutting Bamboo,” Scroll, by Liang Kai, Southern Song, Tokyo National MuseumThe Dharma, the Words, and the Meaning•Huineng’s teachings:–“The wondrous principle of the Buddha has nothing to do with words.” (said to the nun Inexhaustible Treasury, who studied the Great Nirvana Sutra)–“Meditation and wisdom are maintained equally/all is pure within the consciousness/the dual cultivation [of meditation and wisdom] is correct. (said to Fa-hai, who learned that the mind is fundamental Buddha and that the function of the dual cultivation is transcendence of all things)Understand the meaning, forget the wordsUnderstand the meaning, forget the wordsUnderstand the meaning of the Understand the meaning of the Lotus SutraLotus Sutra but but not recite its words only (said to Fada [Fa-ta] not recite its words only (said to Fada [Fa-ta] who recited the sutra 3,000 times without who recited the sutra 3,000 times without understanding its meaning)understanding its meaning)The central doctrine of the The central doctrine of the Lotus SutraLotus Sutra : : true Enlightenment true Enlightenment Open the perpetual understanding of the Open the perpetual understanding of the buddhas; manifest the perpetual understanding buddhas; manifest the perpetual understanding of the buddhas; enlightened to the perpetual of the buddhas; enlightened to the perpetual understanding of the buddhas; enter the understanding of the buddhas; enter the perpetual understanding of the buddhasperpetual understanding of the buddhasYour mind is the Buddha. There is no other Your mind is the Buddha. There is no other BuddhaBuddha“The Second Patriarch’s Seated Meditation,” Tokyo National MuseumUnderstanding the SutrasUnderstanding the SutrasThe sutras cannot be in error. They The sutras cannot be in error. They would not impede one’s mindfulness would not impede one’s mindfulness (said To Fada, or Fa-ta, who didn’t (said To Fada, or Fa-ta, who didn’t understand the meaning of the sutra understand the meaning of the sutra and had doubts)and had doubts)Delusion impedes enlightenment Delusion impedes enlightenment (e.g., according to the (e.g., according to the Lotus SutraLotus Sutra))Deluded in mind, one is turned by the Deluded in mind, one is turned by the LotusLotusEnlightened in mind, one turns the Enlightened in mind, one turns the LotusLotusTo recite (with mouth) and to To recite (with mouth) and to practice (with the mind) is to practice (with the mind) is to turn the sutra turn the sutra (zhuan jing(zhuan jing); to ); to recite but not practice (with recite but not practice (with the mind) is to be turned by the mind) is to be turned by the sutra (the sutra (bei jing zhuanbei jing zhuan) ) [said to Fada][said to Fada]Understanding the meaning of Understanding the meaning of three bodies and four wisdomsthree bodies and four wisdomsThree bodies and four wisdoms in the Three bodies and four wisdoms in the Lankavatara Sutra Lankavatara Sutra (said to Zhitong, or Chih-(said to Zhitong, or Chih-t’ung, who recited this sutra more than t’ung, who recited this sutra more than 1,000 times without understanding the 1,000 times without understanding the meaning of:)meaning of:)Three bodies:Three bodies:The true The true dharmakayadharmakaya: (the Buddha as : (the Buddha as identified with ultimate truth) your natureidentified with ultimate truth) your natureThe perfect The perfect sambhogakaya (the Buddha’s sambhogakaya (the Buddha’s “heavenly body”)“heavenly body”): your wisdom: your wisdomThe thousand billion The thousand billion nirmanakayanirmanakaya: (the : (the Buddha’s earthly body) your practiceBuddha’s earthly body) your practice Four wisdoms: Four wisdoms:  the great the great roundround, ,  the universally the universally same same naturenature, ,  the seeing of the seeing of wondrous wondrous contemplationcontemplation, ,  what creates that what creates that which is accomplishedwhich is accomplishedBodhidharma, Kyoto, Myoshin jiComplete understanding, Complete understanding, complete detachmentcomplete detachmentNot seeing a single Not seeing a single dharma, not maintaining dharma, not maintaining the view of nonbeing, not the view of nonbeing, not knowing a single dharma, knowing a single dharma, not maintaining one’s not maintaining one’s knowledge of emptiness knowledge of emptiness (said to Zhitong)(said to Zhitong)Three vehicles: (based on Three vehicles: (based on practice)practice)To learn and recite—small To learn and recite—small vehiclevehicleTo be enlightened to the To be enlightened to the dharma and understand its dharma and understand its meaning—great vehiclemeaning—great vehicleTo penetrate/be equipped To penetrate/be equipped with all the myriad dharmaswith all the myriad dharmas—supreme vehicle—supreme vehicle Bodhidharma, Anonymous, Song Dynasty, NPM, TaipeiSudden and GradualSudden and Gradual““The dharma is without sudden and gradual; it The dharma is without sudden and gradual; it is people that are clever or dull, therefore the is people that are clever or dull,