Unformatted text preview:

The SanghaPowerPoint PresentationSlide 3Sangha and LaitySlide 5Five Precepts (Five “not to” vows)Buddhism after the Death the BuddhaThe SchismSlide 9Mahāyāna BuddhismSlide 11Slide 12Slide 13Mahāyana vs. HīnayānaThe Clergy’s LifeMahāyāna SutrasCentral PhilosophySlide 18Dependent Origination: The Twelve-linked Chain of CausationThe SanghaThe SanghaTThe sangha came into existence when the he sangha came into existence when the Buddha moved to Benares (aka. Varanasi Buddha moved to Benares (aka. Varanasi where Sārnāth is located), where he preached where Sārnāth is located), where he preached his first sermon to five ascetic friends, who then his first sermon to five ascetic friends, who then requested his permission to go forth and be requested his permission to go forth and be ordainedordainedThe monastic order was born and this monastic The monastic order was born and this monastic community continuously expandedcommunity continuously expandedChinese translation of Sangha is Chinese translation of Sangha is sengseng 僧 僧 or or sengqiesengqie 僧僧僧僧,, whichwhich representedrepresented SSangha in the angha in the time of the Buddhatime of the Buddha–Bhikşu-sanghaBhikşu-sangha (community(community ofof monks)monks)–BhikşuBhikşuņņī-sanghaī-sangha (community(community ofof nuns)nuns)–TheyThey areare knownknown asas thethe “twofold“twofold community”community”Therefore,Therefore, “Sangha”“Sangha” isis defineddefined asas thethe community of ordained monks and nunscommunity of ordained monks and nuns• where the Buddha’s teachings were taught and where the Buddha’s teachings were taught and spreadspread• where Buddhist scriptures were compiledwhere Buddhist scriptures were compiled• where thewhere the clergy and laypersons congregatedclergy and laypersons congregated• where monks and nuns practiced meditation where monks and nuns practiced meditation• ToTo bebe ordainedordained intointo monkhood,monkhood, oneone hadhad toto undergoundergo aa “Threefold“Threefold Recitation”Recitation” ofof thisthis formula:formula:•II gogo toto thethe BuddhaBuddha forfor refuge,refuge,•II gogo toto thethe DharmaDharma forfor refugerefuge•II gogo toto thethe SanghaSangha forfor refugerefuge• InIn time,time, SanghaSangha developeddeveloped intointo monasteriesmonasteries thatthat servedserved asas festivalfestival andand pilgrimagepilgrimage sitessitesSanghaSangha andand LaityLaity•LaypersonsLaypersons acceptedaccepted byby SanghaSangha asas upāsakasupāsakas (male(male disciples)disciples) andand upāsikāsupāsikās ((femalefemale disciplesdisciples))•SanghaSangha andand laitylaity formedformed aa symbioticsymbiotic monastic-laymonastic-lay relationshiprelationship •laity provided material support for monks and laity provided material support for monks and nunsnuns toto establishestablish “field“field ofof merit”merit”monks and nunsmonks and nuns provided a locus for provided a locus for laypersons’ worship,laypersons’ worship, wisewise counsel,counsel, andand DharmaDharma instructioninstruction•What were the sources of “dharma instruction”,or “teachings” ?• Buddhist scriptures• The Buddha’s words• disciples’ oral transmission-->oral literature• oral literature-->1st representation of the dharmaFive Precepts (Five “not to” vows)Five precepts (vows) governed laypersons’ ethical conduct •Not to kill (or to abstain from taking life,killing) •Not to steal (or to abstain from that which is not given/stealing) •Not to commit sexual misconduct (to abstain from sexual misconduct)•Not to lie and deceive (to abstain from false speech)•Not to use intoxicants (abstain from intoxicating substances)Buddhism after the Death the BuddhaNo Successor, authority, or absence of central authority led to--•Formation of variant traditions, which differed in•interpretations of the teachings in general•interpretations of specific ideas•interpretations of monastic rulesElder monks led monastic life•Textual•concerned with the study of the theory as preserved in Buddhist writing •Practice•concerned with putting the system of training into practiceThe SchismTensions rose•among “textual studies” people, •“textual studies” and “practice” groupsElders and Universal (or Great) Assembly•both fragmented into sub-schools•most of these groups died out•Theravada among Nikaya survivedWhat disputes?•Doctrinal dispute: to be Arhat or Buddha?•New monastic rules needed?Questions regarding teaching:•authority•authenticity•reliability•credibilityQuestions regarding learning•method of teaching•method of memorizingQuestions regarding curriculum:•nirvana or vinaya?•Five “not to” vowsMahāyāna BuddhismMahāyāna BuddhismGreater Vehicle, Bodhisattva-yāna (the vehicle of Greater Vehicle, Bodhisattva-yāna (the vehicle of BodhisattvasBodhisattvas–The concept of saviors and compassionThe concept of saviors and compassion–Multiple Buddhas and BodhisattvasMultiple Buddhas and Bodhisattvas–elevation of the Buddha and creation of new Buddhologyelevation of the Buddha and creation of new BuddhologyThe “three bodies” theoryThe “three bodies” theory–DhamakāyaDhamakāya: symbol of ultimate truth, transcendent : symbol of ultimate truth, transcendent –SambhogakāyaSambhogakāya: heavenly body, rewarded body, Buddha land: heavenly body, rewarded body, Buddha land–NirmanakāyaNirmanakāya: earthly body, physical body, historical Buddha: earthly body, physical body, historical BuddhaPractice of Mahāyāna BuddhismPractice of Mahāyāna Buddhism–follow Bodhisattva path, beginning with “bodhicitta” follow Bodhisattva path, beginning with “bodhicitta” (thought/mind of enlightenment; awakening mind; Bodhi (thought/mind of enlightenment; awakening mind; Bodhi mindmind 僧僧僧僧僧僧) ) –One who has spontaneous wish and compassion to One who has spontaneous wish and compassion to realize or motivate bodhicitta can become Bodhisattva.realize or motivate bodhicitta can become Bodhisattva.–Six Six pāramitās pāramitās (Six Perfections)(Six Perfections)ggenerosity (giving), enerosity (giving), mmorality, orality, ppatience, atience, ccourage (vigor)ourage (vigor)mmeditation, editation,


View Full Document

HWS ASN 210 - THE SANGHA

Download THE SANGHA
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view THE SANGHA and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view THE SANGHA 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?