Domestication of Guanyin through Indigenous IconographiesPowerPoint PresentationSlide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Regional diversity of indigenous iconsSlide 9Slide 10Slide 11Further Feminization of GuanyinMyths and Legends “Euhemerize” GuanyinMiao-shan LegendSlide 15Slide 16Slide 17Domestication of Guanyin through Indigenous Iconographies•Chinese creation of new iconographies of Guanyin•The Water-Moon Guanyin•The White-robed GuanyinSong Dynasty, wood sculptureCloser lookWater-Moon. Wall Painting, by fifteen court painters, Ming DynastyLiao Dynasty, Wood ScuptureThousand-armed Thousand-eyed GuanyinLeft: By an unknown modern painterRight: by Zhang Daqian in 1973By a modern painterWhite-robed Guanyin, stone sculpture, Southern Song, 1142-1146, now in Dazu Cave, SichuanRegional diversity of indigenous icons•Great Compassionate Guanyin•Great Compassionate Eleven-faced GuanyinEleven-faced Guanyin, Stone sculpture, probably Tang Dynasty•Great Sage Wish-fulfilling Guanyin•Guanyin Who Prolongs Life and Saves [One] from Suffering•Great Merciful and Compassionate Guanyin Who Saves One from Suffering•Guanyin Who Manifests in ResponsePure Vase GuanyinPrecious Basket GuanyinPrecious Sutra GuanyinPrecious Fan GuanyinWillow Branch GuanyinPrecious Jewel GuanyinPrecious Mirror GuanyinLotus Hand GuanyinWish-fulfilling Wheel GuanyinRosary Hand GuanyinGuanyin of “The Universal Gateway Chapter”Guanyin Who Protects One from Bad Karmic RetributionGuanyin Who Removes Dangers from ElephantsGuanyin Who Removes Dangers from WaterGuanyin Who Removes Dangers from FireGuanyin Who Subdues Ghosts and Evil SpiritsGuanyin Who Removes Dangers from BeastsGuanyin Who Saves [One] from Suffering by Seeking Out VoicesMt. Potalaka GuanyinGuanyin of the Desolate Ocean CoastFurther Feminization of GuanyinScriptural basis of Guanyin’s female identityIn the “Universal Gateway” chapter of the Lotus Sutra, 7 of the 33 manifestations are feminine•Nun, lay woman, wife of an elder, householder, official, Brahmin, and girl.In the Surangama Sutra, 6 of 32 manifestations are feminine•Nun, lay woman, queen, princess, noble lady, virgin maiden.Myths and Legends “Euhemerize” Guanyin•Give him birthday•Establish his sacred abode in Mt. Puto in Eastern Chekiang (Zhejiang)•Transform his gender and identity•Creating “Princess Miao-shan” stories and icons•Fictional accounts in “precious scrolls”, e.g., Precious Scroll of Xiangshan (Hsiang-shan)•Fictional accounts in novelsMiao-shan LegendMiao-shan LegendFormation: Formation: Lay society created a new image and Lay society created a new image and identity of Guanyin: (5identity of Guanyin: (5thth c) c) A woman who saved, healed, …people A woman who saved, healed, …people a filial girl who refused to get marrieda filial girl who refused to get marriedLay society spread Miao-shan story Lay society spread Miao-shan story and Guanyin worshipand Guanyin worshipImportant themes:Important themes:““gift of the body”—body parts as giftsgift of the body”—body parts as gifts Filial piety expanded to repayment Filial piety expanded to repayment (paying back debts owed to parents) (paying back debts owed to parents) Chanting evokes Guanyin’s salvific Chanting evokes Guanyin’s salvific response response ““Great compassion dharani” Great compassion dharani” “ “Guanyin meditation mudra”Guanyin meditation mudra”1000-armed Kannon (Senju Kannon)8th century, Fujii-dera (in
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