North South RelationsThe Human Face of Poverty Born on the same day:Prospects in lifePovertyGrowing Income DisparitiesMarxismLenin on ImperialismDependency TheoryPoverty Mapping: Distribution of Income GroupsPoverty Mapping Doctors per populationInfant MortalityWomen, Education, and Infrant MortalitySources of PovertyStructural Solutions?North South RelationsThe Human Face of PovertyBorn on the same day:Nthabiseng –Poor, black, African girl–Rural area, 700 miles from Cape Town, South Africa–To an illiterate mother Pieter–African, while, well-off family–Born in Cape Town–To a college-educated motherSven –Born to an average Swedish familyProspects in lifeNthabisengPieter SvenChace of dying during first year12.20% 3% 0.30%Expects to live 50 68 80Years in school 1 12 11.4Access to loans no yes yesMath score NA 263 500PovertyOver 1bn. People live on less than a dollar/dayPoor access to water, sanitation, food, health careSituation has improve in some areas, but not in othersGrowing Income DisparitiesMarxismStructure of capitalism:–Means of production–Relations of production: »capital owns means of production»Exploitation of labor ->class struggleSuperstructure of capitalism–Ideology, legal, political systemLenin on ImperialismCapitalism leads to imperialism –Drive for capital accumulation and access to natural resources–States serve the interests of capitalImperialist powers divide the worldUse colonies for resource extractionPerpetuate class inequality across the globeDependency TheoryCapitalism perpetuates dependency relations between–The Core/North and –The Periphery/SouthResult: underdevelopmentPoverty Mapping: Distribution of Income GroupsPoverty MappingDoctors per populationInfant MortalityWomen, Education, and Infrant MortalitySources of PovertyHistorical core-periphery relations?Contemporary core-periphery relations?Weak domestic institutions and policies?Climate?Disease?All of the above->vicious circle?Structural Solutions?Import substitution: Brazil 1970s, 1980sState-facilitated industrialization and trade: –The Asian TigersLiberalization: “the Golden