Slide 1Slide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11THE KHRUSHCHEV ERATHE KHRUSHCHEV ERASUCCESSION AFTER STALIN No clear successor Collective leadership: Malenkov, Molotov, Beria Eventually, NIKITA KRUSHCHEV would emerge on topGeorgii MalenkovVyacheslav MolotovLavrenti BeriaTHE KHRUSHCHEV ERASUCCESSION AFTER STALIN Power struggle linked to policy debate Beria wanted far-reaching reform Economic reform was major concern First big move = rehabilitation of “Doctors’ Plot” victimsTHE KHRUSHCHEV ERASUCCESSION AFTER STALIN Khrushchev plots against Beria Rallies political & military leaders to his side Then moves against Malenkov Khrushchev firmly in control of Party by end 1954THE KHRUSHCHEV ERAKHRUSHCHEV IN POWER From working class background Joined Bolsheviks during Revolution Rose up through ranks, headed party in Moscow Got close to StalinTHE KHRUSHCHEV ERAKHRUSHCHEV IN POWER First Priority = Improving economy & standard of living Loosened strict Stalinist controls Ended terror Began releasing political prisoners from GulagsTHE KHRUSHCHEV ERADE-STALINIZATION Rehabilitation of purge victims Greater openness in intellectual & cultural life Liberalization of economic policies At least small degree of political changeTHE KHRUSHCHEV ERADE-STALINIZATION 20th Party Congress: Khrushchev’s “Secret Speech” Denounced aspects of Stalin’s rule But did not criticize socialismTHE KHRUSHCHEV ERADE-STALINIZATION Effects of “Secret Speech” Could no longer hold political prisoners Uproar in international communist community Reverberations in Party• “anti-party” groupTHE KHRUSHCHEV ERADE-STALINIZATION 22nd Party Congress Khrushchev broadened attack to include colleagues Removal of Stalin’s body from mausoleumTHE KHRUSHCHEV ERATHE “THAW”Greater freedom of expression for artists & intellectuals Some correction of historical falsification Some opening of society But retained censorship & control; socialist realismIlya Ehrenburg, “The
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