PSYC 101 1st Edition Lecture 3 Outline of Last Lecture - The Brain Outline of Current Lecture Consciousness Consciousness - our awareness of ourselves and our environment Spontaneous reactions by the brain, affects daydreaming, drowsiness, and dreaming Physiologically induced - are examples of hallucinations, orgasm, and food or oxygen starvation Psychologically induced - are examples of sensory deprivation, hypnosis, and meditation Minimal consciousness - is a low level of sensory awareness, that may result in an input of sensation and an output of stimuli or behavior Full consciousness - is when an individual is aware and are able to report their mental state Self-consciousness - when attention is drawn to the individual itself Intentionality - when an individual is always conscious about something Unity - is the idea of being conscious and resisting the mental state from deviating Selectivity - the capacity of consciousness to include some things and exclude othersTransceince - consciousness that has the tendency to change its focusDual Processing - information is often simultaneously processed on separate cons and uncon levels The Two Track MindSerial conscious processing - solves problems with focused attention Unconscious parallel process - taking care of routine business such as being on “pilot”Selective attention - our conscious awareness of processes that we pick out, we intuitively make use of the information we are consciously aware of These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- The process of ignoring takes up much energy by the brain - The cocktail party effect - gathering in one message, while filtering out others nearby - This is also a way we miss details when one is not looking for it Selective inattention - things an individual does/may not want to pay attention to Inattentional blindness - refers to the inability to see an object or person in our midst Change blindness - failure to notice changes in the environment - Memory deficit can affect change blindness SleepSleep - “is the irresistible tempter to whom we inevitably succumb” - Laboratories - work on unraveling the process of sleep - Helps growth of pituitary gland with secretion of growth hormones - 5 distinct sleep stages occurs about every 90 minutes - As sleep becomes deeper the brain waves become slower with a larger wave pattern - REM sleep - stage where individuals dream Stage 1 - Alpha wave sleep - Awake, but brain activity is slow, an example is a person meditating Stage 2 - Theta wave sleep - Brain enters high amplitude, slow, and sometimes irregular wave formsStage 3 - Delta wave sleep- Brain activity is at its lowestStage 4 - High amplitude and decreased frequency of delta wave sleep Stage 5 - Beta wave sleep - REM sleep starts at stage 5 and cycles back to stage 1, starting the process again- REM Sleep o loss of muscle tone o rapid Eye Movement o paradoxical EEG waves o increased blood to brain o dreamso genital Arousalo consists of more brain activity than normal brain that is asleep in other stagesREM Rebound - when REM sleep is deprived and when an individual finally gets sleep, individuals go through a REM rebound, which increases REM sleep to make up for the lack of REM sleep- Across eight hours of sleep REM sleep increases and different stages (1,2,3,4) of sleep decreasesDreams - sequences of thoughts, perceptions, images, and emotions that typically occur during REM sleep - People dream of things that they have experienced or seen during their lifetime Night Terror - the idea of falling forever and suddenly waking up screaming, happens during stage 4Manifest Content - a Freudian term meaning the story line of dreams that individuals have experienced Negative Emotional Content - 8 out of 10 dreams have negative emotional content Failure Dreams - people commonly dream about failure, being attacked, pursued, rejected, or struck withmisfortune Sexual Dreams - contrary to our thinking, sexual dreams are sparse. 1 in 10 of men have sexual dreams and 1 in 30 women have sexual content Latent Content - the unconscious thought Wish Fulfillment - dreams provide a path to mentally experience unacceptable feelings in society Physiological Function - dreams provide the brain with periodic simulation to develop and preserve natural pathways Information Processing Theory - dreams that help sort out daily events Physiological Function Theory - dreams that help preserve neural pathways Activation Synthesis Theory - dreams that help trigger simulation of the brain and network stories Cognitive Development Theory - dreams that help individuals with knowledge and understanding EEG/EMG/EOG - polygraphs that measure sleep stagesElectrode - conductor that is used to make electrical contact and collect electrical informationSleep Deprivation - leads to fatigue and pre-mature death - impaired concentration - emotional irritability - depressed immune system - greater vulnerabilityKetamine can give you a sense of euphoria and disrupts the communication between nerve cells- Is used as an anestheticHypnosis creates an altered perception Circadian Rhythm is located in the hypothalamus, which is regulated by sunlight exposure - the circadian rhythm is affected by social, eating, exercise, and sunlightCurrent Lecture- Psychological Issues, Hypnosis, and