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SYSTEM VAPPLICATION BINARY INTERFACEEdition 4.1Copyright 1990−1996 The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc. All rights reserved.Copyright 1990−1992 AT&T. All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, stored in a retrieval system, nor translatedinto any human or computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic,optical, chemical, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner,The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc., 400 Encinal Street, Santa Cruz, California, 95060, USA. Copyrightinfringement is a serious matter under the United States and foreign Copyright Laws.Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitmenton the part of The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc.SCO, the SCO logo, The Santa Cruz Operation, and UnixWare are trademarks or registered trademarksof The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc. in the USA and other countries. UNIX is a registered trademark inthe USA and other countries, licensed exclusively through X/Open Company Limited. NeWS is aregistered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. X11 and X Window System are trademarks ofMassachusetts Institute of Technology All other brand and product names are or may be trademarksof, and are used to identify products or services of, their respective owners.SCO UnixWare is commercial computer software and, together with any related documentation, issubject to the restrictions on US Government use as set forth below. If this procurement is for a DODagency, the following DFAR Restricted Rights Legend applies:RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND: Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject torestrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of Rights in Technical Data and Computer SoftwareClause at DFARS 252.227-7013. Contractor/Manufacturer is The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc., 400 EncinalStreet, Santa Cruz, CA 95060.If this procurement is for a civilian government agency, this FAR Restricted Rights Legend applies:RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND: This computer software is submitted with restricted rights underGovernment Contract No. _________ (and Subcontract No. ________, if appropriate). It may not beused, reproduced, or disclosed by the Government except as provided in paragraph (g)(3)(i) of FARClause 52.227-14 alt III or as otherwise expressly stated in the contract. Contractor/Manufacturer isThe Santa Cruz Operation, Inc., 400 Encinal Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95060.If any copyrighted software accompanies this publication, it is licensed to the End User only for use instrict accordance with the End User License Agreement, which should be read carefully beforecommencing use of the software.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS"We acknowledge the contributions of the 88OPEN Consortium Ltd., portions of whose System V ABIImplementation Guide for the M88000 Processor and the System V ABI M88000 Processor NetworkingSupplement have been incorporated in this section of the ABI with permission."DRAFT COPYMarch 18, 1997File: copyright386:adm.book:sumPage: 2ContentsTable of ContentsINTRODUCTIONSOFTWARE INSTALLATIONLOW-LEVEL SYSTEM INFORMATIONOBJECT FILESPROGRAM LOADING AND DYNAMIC LINKINGLIBRARIESFORMATS AND PROTOCOLSSYSTEM COMMANDSEXECUTION ENVIRONMENTWINDOWING AND TERMINAL INTERFACESDEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTS FOR AN ABI SYSTEMNETWORKINGIndex1INTRODUCTIONSystem V Application Binary Interface 1-1Foundations and Structure of the ABI 1-2How to Use the System V ABI 1-4Definitions of Terms 1-82SOFTWARE INSTALLATIONSoftware Installation and Packaging 2-1File Formats 2-7File Tree for Add-on Software 2-15Commands That Install, Remove and Access Packages 2-16Table of Contents iDRAFT COPYMarch 18, 1997File: MasterToc386:adm.book:sumPage: 33LOW-LEVEL SYSTEM INFORMATIONIntroduction 3-1Character Representations 3-2Machine Interface (Processor-Specific) 3-3Function Calling Sequence (Processor-Specific) 3-4Operating System Interface (Processor-Specific) 3-5Coding Examples (Processor-Specific) 3-64OBJECT FILESIntroduction 4-1ELF Header 4-4Sections 4-10String Table 4-21Symbol Table 4-22Relocation 4-275PROGRAM LOADING AND DYNAMICLINKINGIntroduction 5-1Program Header 5-2Program Loading (Processor-Specific) 5-11Dynamic Linking 5-126LIBRARIESIntroduction 6-1C Library 6-5Threads Library 6-15Dynamic Linking Library 6-17Network Services Library 6-18Socket Library 6-21Curses Library 6-22X Window System Library 6-26X11 Nonrectangular Window Shape Extension Library 6-33ii Table of ContentsDRAFT COPYMarch 18, 1997File: MasterToc386:adm.book:sumPage: 4X Toolkit Intrinsics Library 6-34Motif Libraries 6-38System Data Interfaces 6-467FORMATS AND PROTOCOLSIntroduction 7-1Archive File 7-2Other Archive Formats 7-6Terminfo Data Base 7-7Formats and Protocols for Networking 7-108SYSTEM COMMANDSCommands for Application Programs 8-19EXECUTION ENVIRONMENTApplication Environment 9-1File System Structure and Contents 9-310WINDOWING AND TERMINAL INTERFACESThe System V Window System 10-1System V Window System Components 10-311DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENTS FOR ANABI SYSTEMDevelopment Environments 11-112NETWORKINGNetworking 12-1Table of Contents iiiDRAFT COPYMarch 18, 1997File: MasterToc386:adm.book:sumPage: 5Required STREAMS Devices and Modules 12-2Required Interprocess Communication Support 12-3Required Transport Layer Support 12-4Required Transport Loopback Support 12-7Optional Internet Transport Support 12-8INIndexIndex IN-1iv Table of ContentsDRAFT COPYMarch 18, 1997File: MasterToc386:adm.book:sumPage: 6Figures and TablesFigure 2-1: Package File Tree Organization 2-2Figure 2-2: Data Stream File Layout for Distribution Media 2-4Figure 4-1: Object File Format 4-1Figure 4-2: 32-Bit Data Types 4-3Figure 4-3: ELF Header 4-4Figure 4-4: e _ i d e n t [ ] Identification Indexes 4-7Figure 4-5: Data Encoding E L F D A T A 2 L S B 4-9Figure 4-6: Data Encoding E L F D A T A 2 M S B 4-9Figure 4-7: Special Section Indexes 4-10Figure 4-8: Section Header 4-12Figure 4-9: Section Types, s h _ t y p e 4-13Figure 4-10: Section Header Table Entry: Index 0 4-15Figure 4-11: Section Attribute Flags, s h _ f l a g s 4-16Figure 4-12: s h _ l i n k and s h _ i n f o Interpretation 4-17Figure 4-13: Special Sections 4-17Figure 4-14: String Table Indexes 4-21Figure 4-15: Symbol Table Entry 4-22Figure 4-16: Symbol Binding, E L F 3 2 _ S T _ B I N D 4-23Figure 4-17: Symbol Types, E L F 3 2 _ S T _ T Y P E 4-24Figure 4-18: Symbol Table Entry: Index 0 4-26Figure 4-19: Relocation
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