Health Psychology Key Concepts Health Psychology Psychology health is the influence of both our physiology diet exercise and psychology stress social support Lifestyle Lifestyle the patterns of our everyday decisions which characterize our behavior Stress Stress personal response to events that threaten to disrupt our daily behaviors General Adaptation Syndrome Alarm Resistance Exhaustion COGNITIVE APPRAISAL Autonomic Nervous System Sympathetic Parasympathetic Fight or Flight Maintenance Refuel Eyes open Wide Mouth Goes Dry Hr Increase Start to Sweat Eyes constrict Mouth Waters Digestion Blood away from muscles Level of Stress Relationship between Stress Health 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Level of stress Holmes Rahe 1967 Length of the stressor Cohen et al 1998 12 24 36 Health p 498 Stress Buffers Social Support Optimism vs Pessimism Exercise p 503 Coping Strategies Optimists Pessimists Problem focused Denial Distancing Disengage from goal Suppress competing activities Look for social support Focus on their feelings p 503 Yerkes Dodson law Strategies for Health Education Health Belief Model Becker 1974 PRECEDE Model Green 1984 Social Cognitive Theory Bandura 1977 Stages of Change Prochaska DiClemente 1983 Elder Apodaca Parra Medina DeNuncio 1998 Overlapping Ideas Strong positive intention to change Min of barriers Posses the skills Believe in the intervention Perceive the behavior as normal Consistent with selfschema Feel good about the behavior Receive reinforcement from your environment Health Belief Model 1 Perceived threat 2 Belief a behavior will alleviate stress Influence of Social Factors Individualistic Perspective Religion Cultural Social Isolation SES acculturation Risk Factors Wellness Risk Factors Interventions Problems Smoking Social Cardiovascular Support Diet Exercise Contingency Cancer Contracts Extinction Overweight Alcohol Drug Korsokov s therapy Risky Behaviors Prevention Primary Prevention reduce the occurrence of the illness Gain Framing Secondary Prevention decrease the severity of the illness Importance of early detection Loss Framing