HIST 102Bennett, Judith2012 FallWeek 4Lecture 8September 20Announcements- The first midterm will be held on next Thursday October 22nd - Required reading: pages 180-195- The last homework assignment will be returned to the class graded by the next lecture Outline of Last Lecture I. Islama. Muhammad 571-632b. Quranc. Five Pillarsd. Shariae. Sunni, Shi’ite, Sufi(Diverse, Islam regards Christians and Jews as ppl with books, Muhammad is the final product, tolerate Jews and Christians: dhimmis) II. Aniconism: no reproduction of a living, sentient beingOutline of Today’s Lecture II. Al-Andalus (Medieval spain)III. The song of rolandIV. Feudalism take 1Today’s LectureAl-Andalus- The edge of Muslim world- Conquered late, by Arabic’s and barbarians- Vibrate urban economy, politically, huge, sophisticated citieso Aba al-Rahman 912-961o Al-mansur 976-1002o Califato Omeya, half a million populationo 70 libraries in the city, 400T Volume vs. 400 VolumesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Tolerated otherso ConverciaThe Song of Roland- Back to fictiono Epic fiction with Beowulf, prescriptive source with St. Benedict, primary source with letters, “chanson de gestes” fiction with song of rolando Based on a historical event (loosely): Charlemagne fight, late 700s 778 ambush at roncesvalles 1000 early, oral versions, now lost 1150 written downo Manuscripts for paper 500 Beowulf 520s benedict monastic 1000 Roland feudalismFeudalism, take 1- 720-1050 Muslim caliphates and taifas (700-850 Carolingian Age)- 1050-1492 Xian “reconquest” (1085: Fall of Toledo 1095: First Crusade)o 1050 Christians pushed down Al-Andalustimeline- 700-900 Origins of Feudalism- 900-1100 Age of Feudal Lords- 1100+ Age of Feudal Kingsà Early feudalism- The early term itselfo Medieval: vassalage, lordshipo Modern: feudalism, a made up word form fef (Latin)->feosum->feudalismo Confusing word: Karl Marx used it to describe the whole medieval societyo Historians: Military elite and their families; those who fight; less than 5%o Style than system, ways of behavior only- Evolution, c.700-900 (evolves over time)(through Charlemagne, fully formed till Charlemagne died)3 characteristics The lord-vassal tie- the lord- the vassal Decentralization- King is not important- Local power is important (face-to-face power) Public power in private hand- Power willed by private individualo Evolved in West Francia, c. 700-900 The lord vassal tie (700s)- Introduction of stirrup to West, a revolution of militaryo Infantry- hoot saddles vs. Cavalry- horsemano Develop relationship btw. Lord and his chosen fighters, vassal Train peasant to warrior, feed, shelter (big investment)- Armors, not get hurt- Horse covered Ask for loyalty and fight Ask for sth. of his own, fef (a castle)- Tie of dependencyo Mutual benefito Exclusive After Charlemagne’s death 814, there was decentralization (800s)- Sons divided the empire, into 3 for grandsonso West frankia, etc.: political break down Public power in private hands (800s)- Invasions: Gotic, Muslims in sea (italy), magyas in east, Viking- Local ppl protect ppl from invasions Local lord effective governing: feudalism- E.g. Local vassals gain local power after fighting against invaders- Age of feudal lords, c.900-1100o Culture based on fighting Play chess, go hunting E.g. Spring is for fight So is for Song of Rolando Homosocial culture Society of guys Relations among