January 31They Myth of Er, by Plato - Tree main ancient philosophers o Socrates   never actually wrote anything himself;  alive around end of 400’s B.C.; at the end of his life he was put on trial for blasphemy for not believing and trusting in the Greek gods as well as the corruption of the(upper middle class) youth in Athens Found guilty for charges against him by an incredibly close vote by only about 15votes (501 jurors total)  Prosecutors: Wanted him deadDefense: wanted free food with the Olympians for the rest of his life, eventually decided that he would pay a fine (he suggested this because; one, he doesn’t care about money and two, because he doesn’t care about money he has none.) Socrates sentenced to death, and was executed o Plato  One of Socrates’ followers as a youth Part of Socrates inner circle and was actually in the court during Socrates’ trial Takes over for Socrates After Socrates was executed he packs up and leaves Athens and wanders aroundfor a while but then returns to Athens Upon return to Athens, Plato finds The Academy (a college essentially)o Aristotle Plato’s star student at The Academy  Takes over for Plato- The Republic o Book by Platoo 10 chapterso Book about creating the “perfect world”. o Plato thinks that all the politicians should be eliminated and the world should be run by philosophers o Glaucon believes (in the book) that being an unjust person is the best way to operate. Socrates spends pretty much the entirety of the book trying to prove him wrong.o The myth of Er is in book X (10) of the republic- The Myth of Ero Starts with the death of er in battle, 10 days after death he is found with strangely no decomposition. When there about to cremate him he wakes upo Er says he saw what happens when you die, and was sent back to tell the world of what happenso Binary opposites  Up, Down; Right, Left; Just, Unjust JustUpRight UnjustDownLefto You are either punished or rewarded tenfold of the perfect lifespan (perfect lifespan=100years) o Once your 1000 years are up the good people return to earth, the bad people return to the jury OR if you a incredibly tyrannical person you are forever doomed and do not return. o ----who are the people wandering around?( Lachesis, clotho, atropos) I think They come across 3 things- Spindle, chain, a column of light- These three things illustrate how Plato thinks the universe works. - The column of light is wrapped in the chain and on the end of the chain there was the spindle attached - 3 parts to a spindleo Hook at the topo Shafto Spinning thing at the bottom(bowl) which contains 8 nested bowls They all encounter someone picks a random number out of a [bag] and they are able to choose which life they want based on the number they picked (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc.)  There are more lives scattered on the ground then there are souls. This is so thateven the last soul in line gets a decision of a life.  Provided that you choose well it is possible that everyone can end up with a good life.  Choices range between humans, animals, all living things. The importance is not necessarily what life you choose but HOW you choose it. It depends on how well you know yourself.  If you are a just person you have a clean and pure soul that helps you choose a good next life. If you are an unjust person you have and “dirty” soul and it will be hard to pick a good life Philosophy is a benefit because it improves the value of your everlasting immortal soul.Tests- Do you know what the authors think about the philosophical subject? NOT WHAT YOU THINK!- Fairly objective questions- About 45 questions- Do not need a scantron, only pencil/pen/crayon/highlighter/haha- Office hours on Tuesday about 7:30- Email rules. 1) Send to YAHOO account. 2) If you have a question then TRY and answer it. 3) Sendan email before