POLS 206: EXAM 2
26 Cards in this Set
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The process of making binding social choices
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Politics
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argued that much of the organization of the United States Congress can be explained as the result of re-election seeking behavior by its members
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Mayhew
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a series of 85 articles advocating the ratification of the United States Constitution
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Federalist Papers
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The Supreme votes in accordance with “the law” or Stare Decisis
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Legal Model
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The Supreme Court votes on the basis of personal preference
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Attitudinal Model
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order given to send a case up to the higher court (Supreme Court – “Rule of Four”)
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Certiorari
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1954 ruling that segregation in public schools violates the 14th Amendment. Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson.
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Brown v. Board of Education
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the legal principle under which judges are obligated to follow the precedents established in prior decisions
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Stare Decisis
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decisions affecting more than one person (Congress cuts Federal income tax) (NOT crown gives standing ovation)
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Social Choices
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nominated by the President and confirmed with the "advice and consent" (majority vote) of the Senate
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Confirming Supreme Court Justices
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power of the Supreme Court to declare legislation unconstitutional
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Judicial Review
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Geography: All else equal, firms should converge to the center of their market. In marketing, firms converge on the median preference
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Spatial Models
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spoken presentations to a judge or appellate court by a lawyer (or parties when representing themselves) of the legal reasons why they should prevail
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Oral Arguments
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a form of redistribution in which electoral district or constituency boundaries are deliberately modified for electoral advantage
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Gerrymandering
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is divided into sections, with each part sent to the most relevant committee
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Split Referral
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the process of sending legislation to be considered by more than one committee
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Multiple Referral
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problems encountered when a goal is pursued by more than one person
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Collective Action Problems
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brings a bill directly to the floor without committee approval when signed by a majority of the House members
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Discharge Petition
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political doctrine under which the executive, legislative and judicial branches of government are kept distinct, to prevent abuse of power
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Separation of Powers
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a permanent legislative committee specializing in a particular legislative area. Stable membership and stable jurisdictions.
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Standing Committees
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addresses the question of how to guard against "factions," groups of citizens with interests contrary to the rights of others or the interests of the whole community
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Federalist 10
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addresses means by which appropriate checks and balances can be created in government and also advocates a separation of powers within the national government
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Federalist 51
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a tactic used in the Senate to halt action on a bill
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Filibuster
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“invoking cloture” ends a filibuster. Currently requires a Senate majority vote.
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Cloture
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The President refuses to sign a bill into law, and returns it to Congress with his recommendations
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Veto
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a vetoed bill can be passed into law with a two thirds vote in the House and Senate
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Veto Override
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Study Guide: Final Exam