36 Cards in this Set
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Socialization
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lifelong process of social interaction in which, indeividual acquires a social identity and ways of feeling, thinking, and acting that are essetntial for effective particiption in a society
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Significant Others
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The people who are important in one's life. Paren'ts or other primary caregivers
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Gernaralized others
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People who don't have close ties to a child but who influence her or his internalization of society's norms and values
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impression management
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process of providing info and cues to others to present oneself in a favorable light while down-playing or concealing one's less appealing qualities
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Anticipatory Socialization
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Process of learning how to perform a rold one doesn't yet occupy
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Resocialization
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the process of UNLEARNING old ways of doing things and ADOPTING new attitudes, values, norms, and behaviors
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When does socialization begin?
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Infancy
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Nature vs. Nurture
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Nature: Innate, biological psysiological due largely to heredity fairly fixed
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Nature vs. Nurture
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Nurture: learned. Psychological social cculture. Due largely to envvironment. Fairly changeable
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Social Learning Theories
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approaches that preople learn new attitudes beliefs and behaviors through social interaction, especially during childhood
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Looking Glass Self Theory
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Phase 1: Perception-
Phase 2: Interpretation of the perception-
Phase 3: Response-
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Mead's Theory on Self
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I vs. Me
I- your ability to see yourself as an object in the eyes of others.
Me- everything that I can call mine
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Goffman's Theory of Self
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Taking or developing a role and pleasing others with the role we are expected to play
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Parenting Syles:
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Authoritarian- controlling and cold. Children tend to have lower self esteem
Authoritative- Controlling but warm. Clear rules, and rewards
Permissive- not demanding, warm indulgent, set few rules
Uninvolved- neither supportive nor controling
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Social Interaction
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The process by which we act towards and react to people around us
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Social Structure
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Organized pattern or behavior that governs people's relationships
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Status
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Social position people occupy in society
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Status set
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Collection of social statuses that a person occupies at a given time
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Role
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BEHAVIOR expected of a person who has a particular status
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Ascribed Status
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Social position that a person is born into.
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Achieved status
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Social position a person attains through personal effort or assumes voluntarily
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Master Status
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Ascribed or achieved status that determines a person's identity
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Status Inconsistency
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Conflict that arises from occupying social positions that are ranked differently
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Role Performance
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The actual behavior of a person who occupies a status
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Role Set
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The different roles attached to a single status
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Role Conflict
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The frustrations and uncertainities a person experiences when confronted with the requirements of 2 or more statuses
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Role Strain
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the stress that arises from incompatible demands among roles witth in a single status
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Thomas Theorum
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Our perception of reality and how it shapes our behavior
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Self-fulfilling Prophecty
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a situation where if we define something as real and act on it, it can, in fact become real
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Dramaturgical Analysis
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Technique that examines social interaction as if ocuring on a stage where people play out different roles and act out scenes, for the audience and with which hty einteract
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Ethnomethodology
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Study of how people construct and learn to share definitions of reality that make everyday interactions possible
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Emotional Labor
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Management of feeling to create a publicly observable facial and bodily display
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Symbolic Interactionist persp.
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people create and define their reality through social introduction.
Our definition of reality, which vary according to contxt, can lead to self-fulfilling prophecies.
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Feminist Perspective
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The sexes act similarly in many interactions but often differ in communication styles and speech patterns.
Men are more likely to use speech that's assertive (to achieve dominance and goals) while women are more likely to use language that connects with others
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Social Exchange Theory
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Social interaction is based on a balncing of benefits and costs.
Relationships involve trading a variety of resources such as money, youth and good looks
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Theory of Distances
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Distance that people establish between themselves when they interact.
Public 12 feet
social 4 feet
Private 1 1/2- 2 feet
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SOC 111: EXAM 5