21 Cards in this Set
| Front | Back |
|---|---|
|
Rate Pressure Product
|
Measures the myocardial workload
RPP= HR x Systolic BP
|
|
Collateral Circulation
|
alternative pathways for delivering blood to a region of the body
if one vessel is blocked, blood can still get to the region by the alternative route
done by "andeogenesis" (creating of new blood vessels)
|
|
Why might exercise protect the heart from damage during a heart attack?
|
Increases protective stress protein
Increases antioxidant capacity
Indirectly decreases blood pressure
|
|
Why can diastolic blood pressure decrease during exercise?
|
Because vasodilation of vessels
|
|
Frank Starling Law
|
The strength of ventricular contraction increases with EDV
|
|
Exercise hyperemia
|
Blood flow to the muscles can increase 20x during exercise
|
|
autoregulation
|
the ability of a tissue to locally and automatically adjust its blood flow to match its metabolic demands
|
|
Central command
|
Sends signal to cardiovascular system- is regulated by peripheral feedback (exercise pressor reflex)
|
|
Fick Equation
|
VO2max= CO x AVDO2
|
|
Affect of bedrest and training
|
Bed Rest: CO decreases because SV decreases, no change in HR
Trained: increases CO and AVDO2. SV increases because of higher EDV. sympathetic increases compared to parasympathetic
|
|
Effect of heart transplant
|
SV is stunted during exercise due to no sympathetic or parasympathetic intervention- heart cannot increase contractility
|
|
Conducting zone
|
(nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchial tree)
Conducts air to diffusion zone. Humidies, warms and filters air
|
|
Diffusion Zone
|
exchange of gases between air and blood
(alveolar sacs and respiratory bronchioles)
|
|
Respiratory control center
|
located in the medulla
|
|
Hypoxic threshold
|
The point where your ventilation drastically increases as a result of decreased PO2 (60-75 mmHG)
|
|
Pulmonary Ventilation
|
V=Vt x f
amount of air into/out of lungs per minute. product of tidal volume and frequency
|
|
Draw/describe oxyhemoglobin disassociation curve
|
...
|
|
Central chemoreceptors
|
located in medulla
respond to changes in PCO2 and [H+] in cerebrospinal fluid
|
|
Peripheral chemoreceptors
|
located in aortic and carotid bodies
respond to changes in PCO2, PO2, [H+] and [K+] in blood
|
|
Why does ventilation drift upward during exercise in hot environment?
|
As we sweat, lose plasma volume so EDV and stroke volume decrease. Body temperature also increases. Cause an ^ in HR to keep constant CO, causes increase in ventilation
|
|
How is O2 carried in the blood?
|
Plasma (10%)
Bound to Hb(20%)
Bicarbonate (70%)
|
KIN 470: EXAM 2