35 Cards in this Set
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About how many grams of the amino acid alanine (C3NO2H7) equals one mole
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89
*count out*
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In eukaryotic cells, protein synthesis always begins on
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Free ribosomes
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What is responsible for the adhesion of water molecules to other polar molecules
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hydrogen bonds
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Process in which a unicellular organism engulfs another cell, which becomes an endosymbiont and then organelle in the host
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Endosymbiosis
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Which of the following is an endosymbiont organelle
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Chloroplasts
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Suppose that bacterial and animal cells are shaped like cubes (they're not, but it makes the problem easier). A typical bacterial cell is about 1 μm in each dimension and a typical animal cell is about 20 μm in each dimension. How much greater is the volume of the animal cell than that of…
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8000x
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Which of the following molecules is a disaccharide
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sucrose
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Solute molecule surrounded by a hydration shell of water. The solute molecule is most likely
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Positively charged
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Robert Hooke was able to learn a great deal about the structure of cells using a very crude microscope. His success was due largely to the fact that his microscope could
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resolve finer detail than the human eye
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Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells both use flagella for motility. However, these flagella are very different in structure and composition and probably did not evolve from a common ancestral structure. Therefore, these structures are said to be
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Analogous
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The origin of life by evolution from inorganic molecules is the only theory that is considered seriously by biologists because
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the suggestion permits testable hypotheses
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Which of the following statements is true for starch and cellulose
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all of the above are true
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all of the above are true
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ribose
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Which of the following cellular functions is NOT performed by a protein
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making permeability barriers around organelles
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a solution with pH=6 compared to another with pH=9 is
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1000 more acidic
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Vesicle movement in nerve axons is due to the interaction of
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kinesin and microtubules
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A cell structure containing the "9+2" arrangement of microtubules is a/an
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eukaryotic flagellum
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Phosphorus-32 is a radioactive isotope with a half-life of about 2 weeks. Starting with 200 g of phosphorus-32, about how much of the isotope will remain after 4 weeks
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50g
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A biological polymer that contain uracil is
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RNA
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Human liver tissue was homogenized and the homogenate was centrifuged at a force of 1,000 x g. This pellet was discarded. The supernatant from the first step was then centrifuged at 20,000 x g. Which of the following will be enriched in this second pellet (P20 as described in class)
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mitochondria
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Which of the following is NOT found in prokaryotic cells
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golgi apparatus
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Peptide bonds
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link amino acids together into protein polymers
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A fatty acid containing two or more C=C double bonds is
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Polyunsaturated
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A molecule composed only of carbon and hydrogen
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all of the above
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ÑHow many different DNA trinucleotides (polymers that are 3 subunits long) are possible
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64
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Phospholipids
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spontaneously form bilayers in water
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An important function of the Golgi apparatus is the
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sorting of proteins to their proper destinations in the cell
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The process by which DNA information is converted into RNA information is called
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Transcription
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Digestive enzymes are secreted by cells of the pancreas. These cells were fed radioactively labeled amino acids, which became incorporated into proteins. In what order would radioactive proteins appear in the listed organelles?
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ER, golgi apparatus, lysosomes
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secondary structure of proteins
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Alpha Helix
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A DNA molecule has the sequence AGTGCTT. A DNA molecule that is complementary to this DNA molecule has the sequence
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TCACGAA
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The cell theory includes all of the following EXCEPT
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all cells have DNA in the nuclei
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Endosymbiont organelles:
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Are descended from bacteria, contain a circular DNA molecule and contain ribosomes similar to those of bacteria
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The number of different amino acids that are used to make proteins is
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20
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Which of the following elements does NOT form covalent bonds
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Sodium
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BIOS 208: EXAM 1