Nervous System
Terms taken from lab manual
24 Cards in this Set
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Cell body (soma)
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Part of neuron containing the nucleus
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Axon hillock of trigger zone
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Connect to axon- last site where membrane potentials propagated from synaptic inputs before being transmitted to axon
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Dendrites
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Branched extension- impulses received are sent to cell body (soma)
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Axon
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Threadlike part- impulses conduction from cell body are sent to other cells
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Myelin sheath
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Lipid sheath around a nerve fiber
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Node of Ranvier
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Gap in myelin sheath
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Internodes
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Part of axon (sheathed in myelin) between two nodes of ranvier
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Oligodendrocytes
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Form myelin in brain and spinal cord
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Microglia
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Phagocytize and destroy microorganisms, foreign matter, and dead nervous tissue
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Astrocyte
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Supportive framework (CNS), nourish neurons, form scar tissue
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Ependymal cell
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Line cavities of brain and spinal cord, secrete and circulate cerebrospinal fluid
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Schwann
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Form neurilemma around PNS nerve fibers and myelin, aid in regeneration of damaged nerve fibers
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Satellite
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Surround somas of neurons in gangila, provide electrical insulation, regulate chemical environment (neurons)
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Epineurium
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Outermost layer of dense irregular connective tissue surrounding a peripheral nerve
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Perineurium
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Sheath of connective tissue surrounding a fascile
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Endoneurium
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Delicate connective tissue around myelin sheath of each myelinated nerve fiber
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Fascicle
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Bundle of nerve or muscle fibers
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Afferent fibers
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Carry sensory signals from receptors to CNS
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Efferent fibers
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Carry motor signals from CNS to effectors
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Somatic fibers
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Innervate skin, skeletal muscles, bones, and joints
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Visceral fibers
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Innervate blood vessels, glands, viscera
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Sensory nerves
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Transmit sensory information
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Motor nerves
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Carry impulses from nervous system to muscle(s)/gland(s)
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Mixed nerves
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Contains sensory and motor fibers
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Anatomical Terminlogy