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Permeability
ability of a substance to transmit fluid
Gaining Stream
stream gains water from inflow of groundwater through streambed
Losing Stream
streams lose water to the groundwater system by outflow through the streambed
Darcy's Law
Gradient, Conductivity, Discharge
Porosity
percentage of void or pore space in a rock body
Types of porosity
Intergranular= due to space btw grains Bedding Plane= due to space btw bedding of rock layers Solution= due to cavities w/in rocks that have dissolved from mild acids
Aquifer
Permeable rock strata or sediment that transmit groundwater freely
Aquitard
Impermeable layer that hinders or prevents water movement
Cave Formation
groundwater that dissolves soluble rock below the surface, have delicate balance of solution and dissolution and are called living caves- continuously making new cave formations; rock type- travertine
Karst Topography
dissolved limestone that is very close to the surface, results in landscape features
Karst Topography Features
Sinkholes, Natural Bridges, Karst Towers
Hot Springs
water is 11-16 degrees F warmer than average annual air temp of locality. Heated by cooling of igneous rocks below 95% located near active volcanoes
Geysers
Intermittent hot springs where water erupts with great force
How do geysers work?
Extensive underground chambers collect water which is heated by igneous rock below
Thermophiles
Yellowstone; organisms that can survive and thrive in extreme heat environments

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